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计算机导论与计算机伦理学第二次 (第3讲) 北航计算机学院 熊璋教授、博士导师 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 主要内容 课程介绍,计算机的定义与分类(2小时) 计算机的历史(2小时) 计算机的组成、基本原理及设备(2小时) 计算机软件基础(2小时) 计算机的应用(2小时) INTERNET的原理与应用(2小时) 计算机伦理学初步(2小时) 本专业的职业道德修养(2小时) 相关的后续课程(1小时)和学科前沿(1小时) 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 第3讲 计算机的历史 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 公元前 接绳记事,记录的方法 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 公元前500年,中国算盘 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Blaise Pascal 1623 - 1662 Edinburgh, Scotland 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 The machine is called the Pascaline 1642 France 第一部机械计算设备 develops a mechanism to calculate with 8 figures and carrying of 10s , 100s, and 1000s etc. 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Wilhelm Gottfried Leibnitz July 1646, Leibzig, GermanyNovember 14, 1716, Hannover, Germany 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 1671年,设计了一个16位的乘法器 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Charles Babbage December 26, 1791 Teignmouth, Devonshire, UKOctober 18, 1871, London, UK 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 1822,Charles Babbage designs the Difference Engine but the machine will never be realized. He also start plans for the Analytical engine. But it will be his son that realizes the project in part. 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Never built Steam-driven Fully automatic Next idea was the Analytical Engine 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 George Boole Nov 2, 1815 - Dec 8, 1864, Lincoln, England 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 1848,His theory of logic, which recognizes three basic operations - AND, OR and NOT - was to become germane to the development of telephone circuit switching and the design of electronic computers. 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Herman Hollerith 1860, Buffalo NY, USA1929, Buffalo NY, USA 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 1890,In a census office speed contest, his statistical tabulator bested several rivals to win the 1890 census contract. And this forged a new link in the chain of computer history . 1896, IBM 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 Alan Mathison Turing June 23, 1912 London, EnglandJune 7, 1954, Wilmslow, England 计算机导论与计算机伦理学 1936 he published On Computable Numbers. It is in this paper that Turing introduced an abstract machine, now called a Turing machine, which moved from one state to another using a precise finite set of rules (given
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