福建农林大学计算机与信息学院JAVA语言程序设计课件Chapter5 Methods.ppt

Introduction to Java Programming Chapter 5 Intro to Java Progrmming Chapter 5 Methods 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Defining a Method A method is a collection of statements that are grouped together to perform an operation. Method signature is the combination of the method name and the parameter list. The variables defined in the method header are known as formal parameters. When a method is invoked, you pass a value to the parameter. This value is referred to as actual parameter or argument. A method may return a value. The returnValueType is the data type of the value the method returns. If the method does not return a value, the returnValueType is the keyword void. For example, the returnValueType in the main method is void. 5.3 Calling a Method There are two ways to call a method; the choice is based on whether the method returns a value or not. If the method returns a value, a call to the method is usually treated as a value. If the method returns void, a call to the method must be a statement. 5.3.1 Calling Stacks Each time a method is invoked, the system stores parameters and variables in an area of memory, known as a stack, which stores elements in last-in first-out fashion. public class TestMax { public static void main(String[] args) { int i = 5; int j = 2; int k = max(i, j); System.out.println(The maximum between + i + and + j + is + k); } public static int max(int num1, int num2) { int result; if (num1 num2) result = num1; else result = num2; return result; } } Call Stacks 5.4 void Method Example public class TestVoidMethod() { public static void main(String[] args) { printGrade( 78.5 ); } public static void printGrade(double grade ) { if ( grade = 60.0 ) println(“Passed.”); else println(“Failed.”); } } 5.5 Passing Parameters by Values public class TestPassByValue { /** Main method */ public static void main(String[] arg