聊城大学计算机学院计算机操作系统（2）英文课件 Lecture4.ppt

CS162Operating Systems andSystems ProgrammingLecture 4Thread Dispatching September 12, 2005 Prof. John Kubiatowicz /~cs162 Recall: Modern Process with Multiple Threads Process: Operating system abstraction to represent what is needed to run a single, multithreaded program Two parts: Multiple Threads Each thread is a single, sequential stream of execution Protected Resources: Main Memory State (contents of Address Space) I/O state (i.e. file descriptors) Why separate the concept of a thread from that of a process? Discuss the “thread” part of a process (concurrency) Separate from the “address space” (Protection) Heavyweight Process ? Process with one thread Recall: Single and Multithreaded Processes Threads encapsulate concurrency “Active” component of a process Address spaces encapsulate protection Keeps buggy program from trashing the system “Passive” component of a process Recall: Classification Real operating systems have either One or many address spaces One or many threads per address space Did Windows 95/98/ME have real memory protection? No: Users could overwrite process tables/System DLLs Goals for Today Further Understanding Threads Thread Dispatching Beginnings of Thread Scheduling Recall: Execution Stack Example Stack holds temporary results Permits recursive execution Crucial to modern languages MIPS: Software conventions for Registers Before calling procedure: Save caller-saves regs Save v0, v1 Save ra After return, assume Callee-saves reg OK gp,sp,fp OK (restored!) Other things trashed Single-Threaded Example Imagine the following C program: main() { ComputePI(“pi.txt”); PrintClassList(“clist.text”); } What is the behavior here? Program would never print out class list Why? ComputePI would never finish Use of Threads Version of program with Threads: main() { CreateThread(ComputePI(“pi.txt”)); CreateThread(PrintClassList(“clist.text”)); } What does “CreateThread” do? Start independent thread running given procedure Wh