城市化过程中的生态环境问题.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 城市化过程中的生态环境问题 摘要：城市作为人类的主要聚集地是整个区域环境的重要组成部分。城市化进程进一步加快，导致大量人口与经济社会活动聚集在范围相对狭小的城市区域内，对大气圈、岩石圈、水圈和生物圈这样一个整体的生态系统产生了重大的影响。近年来，我国城市发展速度迅猛，城市化水平逐年提高。城市化是城市空间扩展以及人口和产业向城市区域集中的过程，当城市化与经济发展形成良性互动的同时，环境问题随之产生,并且成为阻碍城市持续发展的因素。本文着重阐述了城市化进程中环境问题研究的重要意义，它对经济发展的制约作用，以及给人们的生活所带来的不利影响，分析了城市化进程中存在的土地、水污染、颗粒物污染等环境问题，并且在查阅大量资料和借鉴外国经验的基础上，提出了一系列科学合理的解决措施。 关键词：城市化；环境问题；解决措施； Urbanization in the ecological environment Abstract: The main cities as places where human beings gather are the important part of the regional environment. Further speed up the urbanization process, leading to a large number of population and economic and social activities together in a relatively narrow range of urban area, had a major impact on the whole ecosystem of atmosphere, lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. In recent years, the rapid pace of urban development, urbanization has increased annually. Urbanization is the expansion of urban space and a process population and industry gather to city area. when the city of strategic interaction and economic development at the same time, the resulting environmental problems, and become an obstacle to sustainable city development factors. This paper introduces the importance of environmental study during the process of urbanization,the restriction for economic development , and the adverse impact to people’s life.The author analyses land, water pollution, particulate matter pollution and other environmental pollution problems in the urbanization process.Above all,the author comes up with a series of scientific reasonable measures to solve environmental problems on the basis of a lot of information and foreign experience. Keywords: urbanization; environment; solutions; 城市是一个国家和地区的政治、经济、文化中心，是人类的主要集聚形式，也是人类干预自然最强烈、人工环境占主导的生存空间。随着人类社会的发展，生产力水平的提高，城市化过程正在不断加快。城市化在充分利用各种资源，发挥人口集聚效应以及提高社会生产力方面具有重要的作用，但与此同时，一系列城市生态环境问题也会相继出现。如温室气体大量排放、水体富营养化、酸雨危害、噪声污染等，严重阻碍了城市化的过程，并威胁着人类的生存和可持续发展。 一、城市化进程中环境问题研究的重要意义 所谓的城市化就是指由于社会经济的发展,城市规模不断扩大, 城市人口不断增加, 各生产要素不断在城市聚