马铃薯晚疫病菌在内蒙古、甘肃的交配型分布及遗传多样性研究-植物病理学专业毕业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 本研究通过应用作者改进的马箜薹咝壅痘菌分离技术，2000·2001年期间从来白内蒙 古和甘肃的病样上共分离到了142株晚疫病菌，并对其交配型进行了测定。同时，测定了 1997．1999年间采自内蒙古马铃薯主产区的42株马铃薯晚疫病菌的交配型，明确了这两省 的马铃薯晚疫病菌的交配型主要是Al交配型，内蒙古和甘肃分别有3株和1株是自育的 A1交配型菌株，未发现A2交配型菌株。 对其中161株晚疫病菌对甲霜灵的抗性测定结果表明：内蒙古马铃薯晚疫病菌普遍对 甲霜灵产生了抗性．高抗的菌株占50．8％，中抗的菌株占42．5％，而敏感的菌株仅占6．7％； 而甘肃的晚疫病菌中高抗的菌株占26．8％，中抗的菌株占29．3％，敏感的菌株占43．9％。 对其中35株晚疫病菌对烯酰吗啉和腈啼菌脂的敏感性测定结果表明：94％的菌株对烯酰吗 啉表现敏感，6％的菌株表现中度敏感；71．4％的菌株对腈嘧菌脂表现敏感，28．6％的菌株 表现中度敏感；所测菌株中均无对这两种杀菌剂表现高抗的菌株。同时，数据分析表明： 烯酰吗啉和腈嘧菌脂与甲霜灵均无交互抗性。 利用随机引物扩增多态性技术(RAPD)对4 5株来自中国各马铃薯主产区的晚疫病 菌的基因组DNA进行了分析，厂初步明确了来自中国几个马铃薯主产区的晚疫病菌群体内 存在丰富的遗传多样性，其中．来自内蒙古的菌株间的差异最大；来自云南的A2菌株与 一些A1菌株可能有共同的起源。1 关键词：Phytophthora infestans交配型甲霜灵烯酰吗啉腈嘧菌脂RAPD’ ll AbstractBy Abstract By using the improved isolating mathod，142 isolates ofPhytophtora infestans were isolated from leafsamples oflate blight collected from Inner Mongolia and Gansu Province from 2000 to 2001．Among 184 isolates collected from major potato producing ateas in these two provinces during the period from 1997 to 2001，】80 isolates belonged to Al mating type，3 were self-fertile， No isolates ofA2 mating types were detected． Sensitivities of representive isolates to three fungicides were tested．Metalaxyl-resistant isolates were predominant in isolates from Inner Mongolia．Among the 120 isolates tested on the sensitivity to Metalaxyl，50．8％were belong to highly resistant，42．5％were intermediate resistant， and 6．7％were sensitive．However．among the 41 isolates from Gansu Province tested on the sensitivity to Metalaxyl，26．8％were belong to highly resistant，29．3％were intermediate resistant, and 43．9％were sensitive．The sensitivity to Dimethomorph and Azoxystrobin of|P咖tophtora infestans we∞also determined．Among 35 isolates tested，94％were sensitive，and 6％were intermedlate sensitive to Dimethomorph while 71．4％were sensitive．and 28．6％were intermediate sensRive to Azoxystrobin．No isolates of highly resistant to Dimethomorph and／or Azoxystrobin welxj detected and statistic analysis showed that the resistance to Metalaxy