油田注水开发毕业论文.doc

大庆石油学院华瑞学院本科生毕业设计（论文） PAGE I 摘 要 注水开采油田，由于注水井水质变差，油层堵塞问题突出，严重影响了油田开发效果。通过分析得出了含聚污水注水井堵塞原因是受物理和化学共同作用的结果，是有机和无机的复合堵塞，其堵塞机理为化学反应结垢(无机堵)及物理作用形成有机质胶团(有机堵)。采用仪器逐层剥离的方法进行水井返排物结构分析表明：胶团中间有胶核，胶核成份主要是硫化物、氧化铁、油及有机质等杂质，外层缠绕着聚丙烯酰胺残骸。针对地层堵塞原因，开发了BSJ—1剥离渗透抗吸附复合解堵剂。BS-1剥离渗透抗吸附复合解堵剂是多成份的复合物，其中包含两种不同结构的功能型高分子活性剂，辅以酸性剂、络合剂、缓蚀剂、氧化剂等，对原油、沥青、胶质石蜡、聚合物等有机质及微生物粘泥具有极强的渗透性、分散性和剥离性。杀菌实验结果表明：BSJ-1浓度达到100ppm以后，对总菌、腐生菌、硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌效果达到99％以上，对铁细菌的杀菌效果较差，但当浓度达到10000ppm时，对各种菌的杀菌率均达到100%。BSJ-1剥离渗透抗吸附复合解堵剂将剥离、润湿反转、化学生热、氧化性能降解有机质、井底自生泡沫等技术结合在一起，是一项完善的解堵增注技术。 关键词：注水；油层堵塞；解堵剂 Abstract Influence oil-field development effect. Obtained through the analysis including gathered the sewage water-injection well jamming reason is physical and chemistry combined action result, was organic and the inorganic compound jamming, its jamming mechanism (did not have field traffic) for the chemical reaction scaling and the physical effect forms the organic matter rubber group (to have field traffic). Uses the instrument cascade peeling the method to carry on the water well to return to the row of structure analysis to indicate: Among the rubber group has the rubber nucleus, the rubber nuclear ingredient is mainly impurities and so on sulfide, ferric oxide, oil and organic matter, the outer layer is twining the polyacrylamide wreckage. In view of the stratum jamming reason, developed the BSJ-1 peeling to seep anti-adsorption compound Xie Duji. the BS-1 peeling seeps anti-adsorption compound Xie Duji is the multi-ingredient compound, contains two kind of different structures the function high polymer active ingredient, auxiliary by acidic medicinal preparation, complexing agent, corrosion inhibitor, oxidant and so on, to organic matter and the microorganism gumbo and so on crude oil, asphalt, sol paraffin wax, polymer has the greatly strengthened permeability, the dispersivity and the fissile. The sterilization experimental result indicated: After the BSJ-1 density achieves 100ppm, to the total fungus, the saprophytic bacte