基于单片机的步进电机控制本科毕业设计(论文).doc

湖南工业大学本科生毕业设计（论文） PAGE 湖南工业大学本科毕业设计（论文） PAGE 0 本科毕业设计（论文）资料 题 目 名 称： 基于单片的步进电机控制的设计  本科毕业设计（论文）资料 第一部分 毕业论文 湖南工业大学本科毕业设计（论文） PAGE I 摘 要 步进电机从诞生以来发展迅速，它广泛应用于医疗设备、检测仪器、数码产品等人类社会的各个方面。本文设计的步进电机是基于单片机AT89C52控制，四相单四拍运行。单片机采用软件的方式发送脉冲，经过驱动器74LS245将信号放大后送给步进电机。采用两个按键分别控制电机的正反转，两个按键分别控制电机的加减速，两个数码管分别显示电机的转向和速度档位。通过改变相邻两相脉冲发送的时间间隔，即调节脉冲的宽度，来改变电机的速度。 控制正反转的按键采用查询方式。控制加减速的按键采用中断服务控制方式，一旦有加速或者减速键按下就会产生中断，单片机就会立即进入中断程序，进行相应的操作。这样可以很方便的控制电机的加减速。另外，数码管实时显示电机的速度和方向，让用户使用起来更加直观和安全。基于脉冲的控制，使步进电机相比其它电机而言控制更加平稳和精确。相信步进电机的发展会越来越快，技术也会越来越成熟，步进电机将更好的造福于人类。 关键词：步进电机，单片机，中断服务，脉冲 PAGE IV ABSTRACT Stepper motor has been developing rapidly since it’s birth, it is widely used in medical equipment, testing instruments, digital products and other various aspects of human society. Stepper motor of this design is based on single chip microcomputer AT89C52, and it is running by four phase four. It send pulses with the method of software, the message will be sended to stepper motor through the amplification by 74 ls245. We Use two muttons controing the motor forwarding and reversing, two buttons controlling the motor accelerating and decelerating,two digital tube display ing the direction and the gears of speed of the motor. By changing the interval between the pulses of two phase of neighbouring, namely, by adjusting the width of pulse, we change the speed of the motor. We control the two buttons of forwarding and reversing by the way of querying. We use the way of Interrupt service controlling the buttons of accelerating and decelerating. once the acceleration or deceleration keys has been pressed the single chip microcomputer will generate interrupts, and it will enter the interrupting program immediately, and do the corresponding operation.In this way,we will control the motor accelerating and decelerating convenientl