瓦斯报警器的设计毕业设计.doc

本 科 毕 业 设 计（论文） 题目 瓦斯报警器的设计 PAGE I 摘 要 本课题设计的是用单片机控制的瓦斯浓度报警监控仪，是采用热催化原理探头制成的瓦斯浓度测量仪，适用于中小型煤矿井下各作业场所中测量空气中的瓦斯浓度。仪器能够根据瓦斯浓度报警限(1.00%)进行声、光报警。仪器由CPU、敏感元件、A/D转换电路、显示电路、报警电路等组成。其中CPU是监控仪的核心，完成数据采集、处理、输出、显示等功能；敏感元件是准确检测瓦斯气体含量的主要元件之一，其输出是与瓦斯浓度相对应的电压信号；A/D转换电路把放大了的电压信号由模拟信号变为数字信号送入CPU；显示电路则显示实时瓦斯浓度；报警电路对超限瓦斯浓度进行报警。该仪器的特点是测量范围宽，精度高；结构简单，成本低；可靠性和稳定性好，是一种电路设计新颖、参数测量准确、操作方便的矿用瓦斯浓度监控仪。 关键词：CPU；A/D转换电路；敏感元件；报警 Abstract This paper designs gas alarm monitor, which is according to catalytic principle. It is applicable to small and medium-sized coal mine in the measurement of workplace air concentration of gas. Apparatus, which is according to gas concentration alarm limit (1%), carry out sound and light alarm. Apparatus consists of CPU, sensitive element, A/D conversion circuit, display circuit and alarm circuit. CPU, which is the core of the monitor, finishes data’s acquisition, processing, output, display and other functions; sensitive element that is used of the accurate detection of gas content is one of the main components, and its output is the voltage signal which is corresponding to the gas-concentration; A/D conversion circuit exports the amplified voltage signal from the analog signal into digital signal to the CPU; display circuit displays the real-time gas-concentration; the alarm circuit alarms to the limited gas-concentration. The apparatus is characterized by a wide measurement range, high precision, reliability and good stability. It is that parameter measurement is accurate, the mine gas-concentration monitor. Key words: CPU; A/D converter circuit; Sensitive components; Alarm PAGE 36 目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 前 言 h 1 1 绪论 h 2 1.1 本课题的研究背景及意义 h 2 1.2 国内外发展概况及研究方向 h 3 2 系统概述 h 4 2.1 系统框图 h 4 2.2 工作原理 h 5 3 报警器设计 h 6 3.1瓦斯检测设备 h 6 3.1.1瓦斯浓度检测仪的分类 h 6 3.1.2 热催化元件的结构及工作原理 h 7 3.2 A/D转换电路 h 14 3.2.1 ADC0809的介绍 h 14 3.2.2引脚功能 h 14 3.2.3主要特性 h 16 3.3 单片机的概述 h 16 3.3.1单片机中断系统 h 16 3.3.2单片机复位