四川大学面向对象程序设计导论课件 Lecture4.pptVIP

Object-Oriented Programming (Java) Topics Covered Today Unit 1.1 Java Applications 1.1.8?Debugging 1.1.9?Debugging with Eclipse Types of Errors There are three general types of errors: Syntax (or “compile time”) errors Syntax errors are “grammatical” errors and are detected when you compile the program Syntax errors prevent your program from executing Runtime errors Runtime errors occur when you tell the computer to do something illegal Runtime errors may halt execution of your program Logic errors Logic errors are not detected by the computer Logic errors cause your results to be wrong What to Do about Errors? Error messages are your friends read them and try to understand them With practice, you can fix most syntax errors almost immediately Runtime and logic errors may take considerably longer to track down and fix Here’s what’s important to remember: Everyone makes lots of stupid errors (and almost all errors are stupid ones--mine included); it’s nothing to be ashamed of However, it is not OK to let those errors survive Approximately 90% of your time will be spent debugging What is Debugging? You tell me! Everybody writes codes with bugs. Things to think about: What caused the bug? How did you end up finding it? How could you have avoided the bug in the first-place? Debugging Philosophy Think about why you believe the program should produce the output you expected. Make assertions until you understand how your view differs from the computer. Strategies to Live By... Debugging is part art, part science. You’ll improve with experience. Strategy #1:Debug with Purpose Don t just change code and hope you ll fix the problem! Instead, make the bug reproducible, then use methodical hypothesis testing? Strategy #2: Explain it to Someone Else Often explaining the bug to someone unfamiliar with the program forces you to look at the problem in a different way. Strategy #3: Focus on Recent Changes If you find a NEW bug, ask: what code did I change recently? This favor