手持式激光转速测量仪的设计＿本科毕业论文.docVIP

PAGE PAGE IV 手持式激光转速测量仪的设计 摘 要 本文在对了解转速测量理论与掌握单片机原理的基础上，根据硬件设计，提出系统程序设计方案，构建软件系统，以实现智能转速测量与显示的功能。 本设计根据基于STC89C52单片机的转速测量电路，设计出一种以半导体激光二极管作为传感器的激光测速仪，可同时实现数据的实时采集、处理和显示; 并详细叙述了测速原理、单片机系统和测速误差。对所设计的软件系统通过编译软件keil C51 μVision4对其进行程序调试。最后，对构建的系统利用设计的电路进行调试，对测量指标进行了分析、比较并提出改进方案。在设计中测量方法采用M法进行测量，单片机采用C语言编程。 关键词：激光；转速测量；手持；非接触式；单片机 Abstract In this paper, the understanding of the theory and master of rotational speed measurement based on the principle of MCU, the system program design, to build software systems, compiler, in order to achieve intelligent Rotational speed measurement and display functions. In this paper, according to the tachometric survey system based on the MCU of STC89C52, I designed the laser velocity meter which using laser diode as sensor. The velocity features real-time data acquisition, data processing and display functions. The principle of velocity measurement and them measurement error of the single chip computer are described. I set up them using the software of The Keil μVision4. At last, the builded system is setted up through circuit. The measured index were analysed and compared and the improved programmes were proposed. M method was adopt in the measuring and the language of C was adopt to computer. Key words: Laser, Rotational speed measurement, Hand-held, Non-contact, MCU 目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u 摘 要 h I Abstract h I 1绪论 h 1 1.1课题研究的目的及意义 h 1 1.2转速测量在国内的研究情况 h 1 1.3主要内容与问题 h 2 1.3.1研究的主要内容 h 2 1.3.2阐明的问题 h 3 2 系统设计的方案 h 4 2.1电源方案的选择与论证 h 4 2.2显示方案的选择与论证 h 5 2.3传感器方案的选择和论证 h 6 3 基于单片机的转速测量方法及原理 h 7 3.1半导体激光二极管的工作原理和特点 h 7 3.1.1半导体激光二极管的工作原理 h 7 3.1.2半导体激光二极管的常用参数 h 8 3.1.3半导体激光二极管的特点 h 9 3.2单片机测量转速的方法 h 10 3.3转速测量原理 h 11 3.3.1测周期法“T法” h 11 3.3.2测频率法“M法” h 12 3.3.3测频测周期法“M/T法” h 13 4智能转速测量系统的硬件结构 h 16 4.1系统的硬件结构 h 16 4.1.1转速信号发射与拾取的结构 h 16 4.1.2.显示部分的结构 h 18 4.1.3复位功能的实现 h 19 4.2 硬件电路中主要部件的介绍 h 20 4.2.1 STC89C52介绍 h 20 4.2.2 1602液晶显示屏介绍 h 21