人工智能研究外文文献原文 Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems Research in Chile.pdf

Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems Research in Chile 1 2 John Atkinson and Mauricio Solar Abstract Worldwide Artificial Intelligence research has witnessed fast and growing advances. These contributions mainly came from first-world nations as other research priorities and needs have been undertaken by less-developed countries. Nevertheless some Latin American countries have put significant efforts into AI research so as to advance in the state-of-the-art at international levels. This paper describes the history, evolution and main contributions of Chile to AI research and applications. 1 Introduction In 1947 Alan Turing predicted that there would be intelligent computers by the end of the century. Hence he proposed an intelligence test which allows us to assess a machine as intelligent in his classic 1950 article Can a machine think?. The term Artificial Intelligence (AI) arose for the first time in a conference at Dartmouth College in 1956 on machine intelligence which gathered the most renowned scientists such as John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Claude Shannon, Allen Newell and Herbert Simon. One of these, Herbert Simon predicted in 1965 that by 1985, machines will be capable of doing anything a man can do. At the same time Dreyfus argued against the possibilities of AI. Furthermore, Marvin Minsky from MIT predicted in 1967 that within a generation, the problem of creating AI will be substantially solved. In the early sixties, neural network research started to spread across the most important laboratories and universities in the world. Despite the significant efforts and funding provided by public and private institution