毕业论文：苯乙烯装置的控制系统及管理软件的设计.docVIP

辽宁石油化工大学继续教育学院论文 PAGE PAGE I 苯乙烯装置的控制系统及管理软件的设计 摘 要 苯乙烯是高分子合成材料的一种重要单体，自身均聚可制得聚苯乙烯树脂，其用途十分广泛，广泛用于电子、汽车、建筑、制药、纺织等领域。工业上，主要采用乙苯催化脱氢法生产苯乙烯。目前工业上大多采用两段式负压脱氢装置，并且将反应温度控制在600℃以上 。 本文总结了国内外主要的苯乙烯生产路线，苯乙烯生产是强吸热反应，需在高温下进行，必须向反应系统提供大量的热，工业上采用两种供热方式：一种是燃烧燃料，反应器采用列管式。另一种是采用过热蒸汽直接带入反应器内，反应器是绝热式。苯乙烯生产工艺均采用具有中间换热器的两级负压绝热脱氢技术，主要分为脱氢和精馏两个工段。脱氢工段由乙苯蒸发、脱氢反应、工艺凝液处理及汽提尾气压缩吸收三个部分组成；并主要对其脱氢段进行控制方案及其管理软件的设计。苯乙烯装置的关键技术是乙苯脱氢制苯乙烯，其中苯乙烯第一、第二脱氢反应器是苯乙烯技术的核心设备。本文主要围绕苯乙烯装置控制系统进行研究，根据自动控制领域工程设计的基本过程及要求,运用所学相关专业课程的知识,如过程控制工程、测控仪表及装置等，设计了苯乙烯装置的控制系统，并用组态王软件设计了与控制系统相关的管理软件。具体对乙苯绝热脱氢制苯乙烯进行了详细的控制。 整个过程通过合理的设计和方案的选择、评估、使控制系统达到预期的稳定性和可靠性。 关键字：苯乙烯；乙苯；绝热脱氢；组态王 Programming about the control system and management of the styrene plant Abstract Styrene is an organic hydrocarbon used to manufacture rubber and plastic components. Also known as vinyl benzene , styrene is a colorless liquid that quickly evaporates when exposed to the air. Although it is an aromatic monomer with a slightly sweet smell, its odor can be unpleasant in high concentrations or when mixed with other chemicals. If its molecules become linked to form long chains of styrene, it becomes polystyrene,anaromatic polymer with thermoplastic properties. While styrene is manufactured from petroleum on a commercial scale, it also occurs naturally in certain plants, including fruits, nuts, and vegetables. In fact, it received its name in honor of the Styrax genus of trees that produce a sap from which benzoin resin is obtained. Its alternate name of vinyl benzene likely stems from the fact that it is synthesized from ethylbenzene, which is the product of benzene and ethylene being subjected to catalytic dehydrogenation. Styrene molecules also contain a vinyl group (ethenyl) that share electrons in a reaction known as covalent bonding. This process is what allows the synthetic chemical to be made into plastics, such as polystyrene,synthetic rubber, and latex. Abstract Styrene is one of the important monomer，it’s polymer is widely used in electro