武汉理工大学数字图像处理英文课件 Chapter7（3）.pptVIP

Kevin Cowtan’s Book of Fourier Crystallography An Atom and its Fourier Transform A Molecule and its Fourier Transform A Lattice and its Fourier Transform A Crystal and its Fourier Transform The Fourier Duck A Duck and its Fourier Transform Low-Pass Filtered Duck High-Pass Filtered Duck Band-Pass Filtered Duck Sector-Filtered Duck A Little Animal Magic Animal Magic (1/3) Animal Magic (2/3) Animal Magic (3/3) Animal Liberation The Free-Fourier Duck (1/2) The Free-Fourier Duck (2/2) A Tale of Two Cats Starting Image Manx Image Tail Reconstruction (1/2) Tail Reconstruction (2/2) Gallery Fourier Transform of Two Points FT of Four Points FT of Fifteen Points One Molecule / Two Molecules Eight Molecules / Fifteen Molecules * This is a book of pictorial 2-d Fourier Transforms. These are particularly relevant to my own field of x-ray crystallography, but may also be of interest to anyone involved in signal processing or frequency domain calculations. Note that positive real numbers are red, and negative real numbers are cyan. I have adopted a colourful scheme for representing complex numbers on the two-dimensional images. Amplitude is represented by colour saturation and brightness, while phase is given by hue. This is illustrated in the following figure: http://www.yorvic.york.ac.uk/~cowtan/fourier/fourier.html Note the both functions have circular symmetry. The atom is a sharp feature, whereas its transform is a broad smooth function. This illustrates the reciprocal relationship between a function and its Fourier transform. The molecule consists of seven atoms. Its transform show some detail, but the overall shape is still that of the atomic transform. We can consider the molecule as the convolution of the point atom structure and the atomic shape. Thus its transform is the product of the point atom transform and the atomic transform. The grid points (delta functions) are exaggerated for clarity. Note that the Fourier transform of a grid is a grid with reciprocal direct