CT图像质量.pptVIP

CT Image Quality CT 图像质量 CT Image Quality Parameters Spatial Resolution 空间分辨率:又称高对比度分辨率（high contrast resolution），是指在高对比度（密度分辨率大于10%）的情况下鉴别细微的能力，即显示最小体积病灶或结构的能力 Spatial Resolution 定义是在两种物质CT 值相差100HU 以上时，能分辨最小的圆形孔径或是黑白相间的线对数，单位是lp/cm。 5÷lp/cm= 可分辨的最小物体的直径(mm) “Pair” is one object + one space “views per rotation” (VPR) refers to the number of samples taken with every rotation of the gantry 层厚影响空间分辨率 Hi-Resolution CT Technique高分辨率CT扫描技术 Very small slice thicknesses 1-2 mm High spatial frequency algorithms increases resolution increases noise Noise can be offset by using higher doses Optimized window / level settings Small field of view (FOV) Components of image contrast 对比度构成 Contrast present in a medical image is the result of a number of different steps that occur during image acquisition, processing, and display image contrast Radiograhic contrast detector contrast display contrast 入射X线能谱对物体（X线）对比度的影响 Contrast Resolution 1.对比度分辨率（contrast resolution） 是指当细节与背景之间具有低对比度时，将一定大小的细节从背景中辨别出来的能力。又称为密度分辨率或低对比分辨率（low contrast resolution） 对比度分辨率主要受像素噪声的影响 Small Contrast Difference Harder to Identify in Presence of Noise CT Image Noise噪声 Fluctuation of CT #’s in an image of uniform material (water) CT Image Noise Usually described as standard deviation of pixel values像素值的标准偏差 Standard deviation of pixel values Noise Measurement in CT Scan water phantom Select regions of interest Take mean standard deviation in each region Standard deviation is noise in ROI 层厚 Thinner slices mean less active detector area less photons detected More noise CT Image Quality Equation 对比噪声比CNR CT Artifacts伪影 Areas where image not faithful to subject Sources patient image process equipment Motion Artifacts Causes streaks in image Algorithms have trouble coping because of inconsistent data Artifacts: Abrupt High Contrast Changes Examples: prostheses dental fillings surgical clips Electrodes bone Metal absorbs all radiation in ray causes star-shaped artifact Artifact can be reduced b