另眼看世界——论“非常态”叙述视角-文艺学专业论文.docxVIP

露f 露 f III I I II I II ijll III I IIl Y1 944672 卜 摘 要 在小说的写作技巧中，叙述视角起着极其重要的作用，从什么角度观察故事 一直是学术界关注的一个焦点话题。随着文学自身的发展，出现了一种全新的叙 述视角——“非常态叙述视角。该类视角选用诸如傻子、疯子、白痴、儿童、 死者、非人类等“非常态”主体作为故事的叙述者，他们都具有一定的缺陷，要 么表现为智力低下，要么表现为行为乖张，抑或思维发展不成熟、具有认知缺陷 等，他们在常人眼中是异类，他们讲述的故事与赋予的身份不相宜。由于叙述视 角与叙述内容的错位相异，“非常态叙述视角的作品往往具有独特的艺术魅力。 在中外文学史上，存在着很多使用“非常态叙述视角的文学作品，本论文 关注的正是这样一批作品。论文主要从四方面分析“非常态”叙述视角：首先对 “非常态”叙述视角进行概念上的界定，并对其进行分类；第二部分主要分析“非 常态叙述视角产生的动因，从四个方面进行阐释；第三部分分析了“非常态 叙述视角的叙事特征；第四部分从叙述的不可靠、陌生化、反讽以及复调等方面 阐述了“非常态”叙述视角的叙事效果。 “非常态’’叙述视角具有其自身的审美特性，有着其它视角所不具备的审美 效果，能给读者带来全新的审美感受。 关键词：非常态；叙述视角；“非常态主体；叙述 句J、 唱3‘.. 句J 、 唱3 AbstractAmong Abstract Among the novel writing skills。narrative perspective plays a vital role．The perspective of viewing the story has always been a disputing topic in the academic circle．With the development of literature itself,there is a New narrative perspective， “abnormal”narrative perspective．With such perspective，some abnormal subjects suCh as fools，madmen，idiots，children，the dead，non-human and SO on，are often chosen aS the narrators．With low IQ，deviant behavior,immature thought or defection in recognition，such people ale defective and often regarded by normal people as outliers．They narrate the stories which are not consistent with the endowed identity as the narrative perspective is different from its content；the works with“abnormal’’ narrative perspective tends to have unique artistic charm． IIl the world literature history,there are many literary works with“abnormal” narrative perspective．The thesis focuses on these works and analyzes the“abnormal’’ narrative perspective in four aspects：firstly,it defines the concept of the“abnormal’’ narrative perspective，and classify it；the second part mainly explores the causes for the ttabnormal，，narrative perspective and analyzes them in four aspects；the third one shows the narrative features of the“abnormal”narrative perspective；the fourth one analyzes the narrative effects of‘‘abnormal’’narrative perspective in some aspects incl