毕业设计液压基本回路实验台的设计.doc

河南科技大学毕业设计（论文） 液压基本回路实验台的设计 摘 要 随着科学技术的发展，液压传动作为一种可以传递动力和控制的传动方式，已经日益广泛应用到医疗、科技、军事、工业自动化生产、起重、运输、矿山、建筑、航空等各个领域。液压技术在实现高压、高速、大功率、低噪声、高可靠性、高集成化等各个方面都取得重大进展。 而作为液压技术应用的基础—液压基本回路是学习液压传动控制的必要知识。液压回路是液压系统的有机组成部分，任何液压系统都是由一些基本回路所组成。所谓液压基本回路是指能实现某种特定功能的液压元件的组合。按其在液压系统中的功用基本回路可分为：压力控制回路—控制整个系统或局部油路的工作压力；速度控制回路—控制和调节执行元件的速度；方向控制回路—控制执行元件运动方向的变换和锁停；多执行元件控制回路—控制几个执行元件间的工作循环。 液压基本回路实验的开设是为了让学生在液压传动课程的学习过程中，通过实验能对液压系统的基本工作原理有更深层次的理解，熟悉典型的液压回路各自的运行特点及原理。本设计选用工程液压中常用的几个液压基本回路为实验项目，实验台采取卧式布局，液压阀安装在集成块上以简化实验台的系统油路，在实验过程中学生可以清楚了解液压元件的组合与液压回路之间的转化。 关 键 词：液压，液压基本回路，实验台，集成块，液压系统 THE DESIGN OF HYDRAULIC PRESSURE BASIC CIRCUIT LABORTORY STAGE ABSTRACT Along with the science and technology development, the hydraulic transmission took as a way of that transmit the power and the control type of drive, already widely applied in medical, technical, the military, the industrial automation production, lifts heavy objects, the transportation, the mine, the building, the aviation and so on. The hydraulic pressure technology in the realization of high pressure, high speed, the high efficiency, the low noise, redundant reliable, high integrated and the other aspect all makes the significant progress. And as the foundation of hydraulic pressure technology studying the essential knowledge the hydraulic steering— hydraulic pressure basic circuit.the hydraulic pressure circuit is the hydraulic system organic constituent, all of the hydraulic system is composed by some basic circuit. The so-called hydraulic pressure basic circuit is refers can realize some kind of stipulation function hydraulic pressure part combination. According to it in the hydraulic system it may be divided into four basic circuit: Pressure control circuit— pneumatic control overall system or partial oil duct working pressure; Speed control circuit — pneumatic control and adjustment functional element speed; The directional control circuit —pneumatic control functional element heading transformation and the lock stop; Operating cyc