高二英语语法.ppt

* 一、概述 一般情况下，英语句子语序是“主语 + V. +其他 …”。这是自然语序。如： 知识详解 ? This is my book. (主语 + V. +表语） ? I like English. (主语 + V. +宾语） ? I like living in this city. (主语 + V. +状语） 知识详解 但有时基于各种需要，而将谓语全部或部分放在主语的前面，而形成倒装。这种语序叫倒装序，含有此种语序的句子，叫倒装句。如： ? Out went the children. ? Only this afternoon did I finish the novel. (状语+ V. +主语） (状语+ V. +主语） ? May you succeed. (情态动词 +主语 + V. ） ? Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. (表语 + V. +主语 ） 知识详解 二、倒装的分类 倒装 完全倒装 部分倒装 ? 谓语的全部放在主语之前。 只把情态动词或助动词（表语置于连接词之前）放在主语之前。 ? Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys. ? Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework. 完全倒装 部分倒装 知识详解 三、分类详解 （一）完全倒装 ? 1、用在there be结构中。如： ? There is a rumour that a large company wants to build a factory in your town. ? There are many students in the classroom. 完全倒装 知识详解 2、用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 +主语（名词）”的句型中，或以out, in up down, away 等副词开头的句子，以表示强调。如： ? Now comes your turn. ? Here comes the bus. 完全倒装 注意：代词作主语时，主谓序不变。如： ? In he comes. ? Here it is. 知识详解 3、当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时，也常引起全部倒装，如： ? From the valley came a frightening sound. ? South of the city lies a big steel factory. 完全倒装 4、用于so, nor, neither开头的句子，表示重复前句部分内容，意为“…也如此”；“…也不是这样”。如： ? Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I. ? He has been to Beijing. So have I. 知识详解 5、表语置于句首时，倒装结为： 完全倒装 （1）“形容词 +连系动词 +主语” ? Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 自然语序 ? Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests were present at the meeting. 知识详解 完全倒装 （2）“过去分词 +连系动词 +主语” ? Gone are the days when they could do what they like to the Chinese. 自然语序 ? The days when they could do what they like to the Chinese people are gone. 知识详解 完全倒装 （3）“介词短语 + be +主语” ? Among the speakers was China’s then premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. 自然语序 ? China’s then premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality an