论胎儿健康利益之民法保护-法律专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要中文摘要 中文摘要 中文摘要 在现代社会中，胎儿健康利益受到侵害的案件与日俱增，表现在胎儿在母体 期间受到侵害使其在出生后造成身体疾病或者残疾，而这不仅造成了胎儿身体上 难以弥补的伤害，也造成了整个家庭的不幸，更严重的情况下，可能演变成社会 的许多问题。然而，随着现代医学技术的发展、新生物技术的进步以及社会政策 的变化，使得胎儿健康利益的保护问题变得更加复杂，特别是在传统民法的背景 环境下，由于公民的民事权利能力始于出生终于死亡，胎儿就不能作为民事主体， 享有民事权利能力，这更使得胎儿的健康利益受到侵害时得到法律的保护增加了 难度。本文首先通过论述胎儿应获得民事权利能力的理论分析来支持胎儿是民事 主体这一大前提，并在这一大前提下，进一步论述胎儿健康利益受侵害时的救济 途径，即主张损害赔偿请求权，最终使得胎儿健康利益得到周全、有效的保护， 维护胎儿的利益，做到民法对人的终极关怀。最后，结合我国的现状、国情提出 立法建议，以完善我国的民事立法，通过法律法规的健全保护胎儿健康利益不受 损害。 关键词：胎儿健康权益；民事权利；损害赔偿请求权；民法保护 万方数据 fIIIII fIIIII I II III II UlIIII III III Y2770393 黑龙江大学硕士学位论文 Abstract In the modem society,the number of case of violating the fetus’benefits is increasing．This is manifested in physical disability or illness in the fetuses’postnatal development because of injuries when they are in uteri．The violation of the fetus’ benefits not only leads to irreparable damage on the fetus’body,also causes misfortune for the whole family,and worse than that，it may change into social problem．While， with the modem development of medical technology,new biotechnology and the change of social policy,the safeguard of interests of fetus is becoming more complicated than before，especially when we adopt the traditional civil law,according to which the fetus are not regarded civil subject because civil rights begins with birth and ends with death．Thus it is extremely difficult to maintain the interests of the fetus in the light of the traditional civil law．Under such circumstances，1 write this paper．The first part of this paper analyzes that the fetus is the civil subject according to the theory of the fetus should obtain the capacity for civil rights．Given that premise，in the second part，this paper suggests a relief way,named the right of requesting for compensation for叫ury,which aims to safeguard the interests of the fetus in an effective and comprehensive way when the fetus’interests is vio lated．The last part of this paper makes the suggestion about the protection of the fetus in terms of the cur