地史学-公开课件.ppt

地史学/Historical Geology 1 What is Historical Geology?定义-对象-内容-简史 Research objects for geohistory in space Research objects for geohistory in time Outline of Geohistory Sed-paleogeography: How to reconstruct paleoenvironments Orbital forcing is the bridge between anthropologic time units GTS History geotectonics: How to reconstruct paleoplate tectonics What are the characters of paleontology? 古生物学-地史学古生物学：精细、直观、具体地 史 学：历史、综合、抽象 地史学发展简史Brief History of the Historical Geology as a science ?地史学启蒙时期(工业革命[1750]前；沧海桑田、三定律，将今论古）The initiative stage of Historical Geology ?近代地史学建立阶段（18世纪末-20世纪中；化石层序律、灾变论、相律，生物分区，槽台，大陆漂移） The establishing stage of Recent Historical Geology ?现代地史学形成与发展阶段（ 20世纪中-今；板块、新灾变论、层型、地球系统科学） Formation and development stage of Modern Historical Geology ?地史学在中国的发展（1921年辛亥革命-今；Grabau,李四光，黄汲清，第1本地史学）Development of Historical Geology in China ?地史学启蒙时期The Initiative Period of Historic Geology ?近代地史学建立阶段Establishment stage of Recent Historical Geology W.Smith(1769-1839)：the father of Stratigraphy; Law of Faunal Succession; G. Cuvier(1769-1832): Catastrophism; paleontology, C. Lyell(1797-1875): Uniformitarianism (The Principles of Geology), double naming A. Gressly(1838): Facies, sedimentology; J. Walther(1849): Facies’ Law (Walther’s Law) A.R. Wallace(1875): Animal Geographical Provinciality; the so-called Wallace’s line; A.M. Kapinsky(1889): Paleogeographical map, Historical tectonic analysis, Russian platform J.Dana(1873): Appalachian Geology, idea of Geosyncline, and the fold belt; E. Haug (1900): Austrian, stable platform and mobile geosyncline; leading to the concept of tectonic provinciality of the lithosphere development E.Suess (1909): Tethys, Gondwana, Laurasia; these terms still used widely, especially significant to the Mesozoic and Cenozoic geology and the Himalayan-Alpine orogenic belt; sial(Si-Al, continental crust) and sima(Si-Mg, oceanic crust); ?现代地史学形成与发展阶段Formation and development of M