中考动词时态、语态讲与练.docVIP

动词的时态 一、 根据时间状语确定时态的原则 1. Hurry up! The play for ten minutes. (2010辽宁) A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began [析] 1. C。since后接时间的起点，for后接时间段，主句动词用现在完成时，应注意瞬间动词与延续性动词的使用。 二、 在复合句根据时态呼应确定时态的原则 2. Do you know if back next week? If he back, please let me know. (2010黑龙江 ) A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come [析] 2. C。if既可引导宾语从句，也可引导状语从句。充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义是“是否”。充当状语从句的连接词时，词义是“如果”。从时态看，if引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应根据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时，若主句用一般将来时，则从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。 三、 根据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原则 3. –When this kind of computer ? --Last year. (2010天津) A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used [析] 3. B。此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态，并且要考虑到被动语态。 四、 利用上下文语意确定时态的原则 4. –Hi! Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party. --Oh, I ready for the maths exam. (2010江西) A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got [析] 4. B。此例由didn’t, at the party推断出应用过去进行时。 五、 时态中的“特殊”对策的原则 5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. (2010辽宁) A. is B. was C. has been D. will be [析] 5. A。 有些动词其动词的时态是“违背常理”的。如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时，其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示。 考点一：时态在状语从句中的考察。（主要是时态的搭配使用） A、“主将从现”原则 [例] ---I’ll plan a visit to Hong Kong if it ____ tomorrow . --- Really ? I think I ________with you . A. don’t rain , go B. won’t rain , go C. isn’t rain , will go D. doesn’t rain , will go B、一般过去时与三种时态的搭配使用： 一般过去时与过去完成时，一般过去时与过去进行时，一般过去时与过去将来时 [例] He was sure that he his wallet in the office . A. left B. would leave C. had left D. has left [例] When she _____ at the door, my mother _____ some washing. A. knocked… did B. was knocking… did C. knocked… was doing D. knocks… is doing 考点二：语境中时态的对比使用（主要是时态的区分） A、一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 [例] ----______ you ever ________ Tom before ? ----