铝镓合金制氢技术.docVIP

中南大学本科学位论文 摘要 PAGE PAGE I 摘要 新能源技术的提出早已有之，其中太阳能、地热能、风能等早就被人类利用，但是，对这些新能源进行大规模的开发利用的技术还不成熟。氢能作为新能源的一种，也处于这样的尴尬局面之中。阻碍氢能大规模开发利用的关键障碍就是氢气的快速制取和安全储运。 以铝为基础制备出氢能的能源和转换材料是解决这一问题的新思路。但是铝由于其性质活泼，在空气中会形成一层致密的氧化膜，使纯铝在水中几乎不发生反应。 实现铝水解制氢的关键就是要破坏这层氧化膜。本论文主要采用向Al中添加Ga、In、Sn、Li等活泼金属制备出铝合金这一技术来破坏这层氧化膜，提高Al的反应活性，达到快速制氢的目的。 通过对制备出的Al-Ga、Al-Ga-In-Sn、Al-Ga-Li合金在不同成分和温度下的制氢检测实验，我们发现用真空碳管电阻炉制备出的Al-Ga合金，即使在Ga含量高达30%时，最大的产氢效率也只有6%。而Al-Ga-In-Sn合金则能与水剧烈反应，在综合考虑生产能耗、成本和产氢效果等因素下，Al90-Ga7-In2-Sn1合金的制氢效果最令人满意，可以达到100%的制氢量，更是可以在5分钟左右就可以反应结束。 向Al-Ga系材料中添加活性金属可以提高铝水解的活性，是获得较好制氢效果的有效方法。 关键词： 氢能，水解制氢，Al-Ga合金、Al-Ga-In-Sn合金、Al-Ga-Li合金 中南大学本科学位论文 Abstract PAGE PAGE II Abstract While the new energy technologies have long been proposed, and solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy and so on have been human used for a long time, these new energy development and utilization of large-scale technology is not mature yet. Hydrogen, one of the new energy, is also in such embarrassing situation. Fast generation, safe storage and delivery of hydrogen have become the main obstacle, which restrict hydrogen energy development and utilization. A new idea to solve this problem is to prepared a Al-based material as a material for energy reserves and conversion. Aluminum is the material of perfect choice for hydrolysis hydrogen production. However, a layer of inert thin oxide film is easily formed on the aluminum surface because of its lively nature,which prevents water from contacting with AI metal surface. The key of hydrogen generation by splitting water with AI is to destroy the inert thin oxide film.To destroy this layer of the oxide film, improving the reactivity of Al, and achieve rapid hydrogen production purposes, in the thesis, we prepare an aluminum alloy by adding active metals in Al such as Ga, In, Sn, Li, etc. By the experiment detecting the ability of Al