InternationalTradeandGenderWageGap对外贸易与性别工资差距.pdfVIP

Proceedings of the International Conference on Transnational Corporations and Development in China: Challenges and Opportunities (Chengdu, China, November 2015) International Trade and Gender Wage Gap Juan Li and Yougong Pang Abstract : By using the Menon-Rodgers model, this study constructs a gender wage equation in imperfectly competitive market for analyzing the theoretical mechanism of international trade on the gender wage inequality. Applying 2002 and 2007 micro data from the Chinese Household Income Project Survey (CHIPS), the study verifies that the international trade has a significant positive influence on wages of both male and female labors. A larger effect on the male wages than womens has been observed, which indicates that international trade enlarges the gender wage gap in China. The empirical results of quantile regressions indicate that international trade has different effects on different income groups in terms of gender wage gap. In other words, international trade widens the gender wage gap in low-income group, while it is not the case among high-income earners. These results provide valuable policy implications for China to build harmonious labor market relations. Keywords: International trade, gender, wage gap 对外贸易与性别工资差距 李 娟 庞有功 摘要: 通过Menon-Rodgers 模型构建不完全竞争市场中的性别工资方程，分析对外贸易影响性别工 资差距的理论机制。然后，利用2002 年与2007 年中国城镇居民调查数据（CHIP），实证检验了对 外贸易与性别工资差距的关系。研究发现：总体来说，对外贸易对我国男性劳动力工资与女性劳动 力工资都具有显著的正向影响，但对外贸易对男性工资的促进效应明显大于对女性工资的促进效 应，即对外贸易拉大了我国的性别工资差距，该结论在控制内生性问题后仍稳健；分位数回归结果 表明了随着贸易开放度提高将拉大低收入人群的性别工资差距，而在高收入人群中没有产生明显的 性别工资差距。该实证发现为我国构建和谐稳定的劳动力市场提供了有价值的政策启示。 关键词: 对外贸易；性别；工资差距1 中图分类号C971；F241；F746 文献标识码 A 引 言 20世纪80年代，由于各国旨在消除自由贸易壁垒的实施，全球贸易开放程度比过去有了明显的 提高。在贸易开放深入的同时，世界劳动力市场也出现了明显的变化。其最为显著的表现是，对外 作者简介：李娟（1983—），女，山东德州人，西南财经大学国际商学院副教授、研究生导师，主要研究方向为 国际贸易、全球化与劳动力市场。ljuan@swuf