From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness Defining “Gamification” 从游戏设计元素到游戏性：定义“游戏化”.pdfVIP

From Game Design Elements to Gamefulness: Defining “Gamification” Sebastian Deterding Dan Dixon Rilla Khaled Lennart Nacke Hans Bredow Institute for Digital Cultures Research Center for Computer Games Faculty of Business and Media Research, Hamburg Centre, University of the Research, IT University of Information Technology, Univer