化工原理专业词汇.ppt

Introduction 化学工业 chemical industry 化学工程 chemical engineering 化学工艺 chemical technology 化工单元操作 unit operation of chemical engineering 化工单元过程 unit process of chemical synthsis 流程图 flow sheet/flow diagram 稳态流动 steady flow 流动型态 flow pattern 流体力学 fluid mechanics 传热 heat transfer ;heat transmisson 质量传递 mass transfer 物料衡算 material balance Fluid Flow 1 流体静力学 fluid statics ;hydrostatics 流体动力学 fluid dynamics; hydrodynamics 连续性方程 equation of continuity 柏努力方程 Bernoulli equation 阻力损失 loss of resistance 局部阻力 local resistance 牛顿与非牛顿流体 Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids 速度梯度 velocity gradient 剪切应力 shear stress 速度脉动 velocity fluctuation 边界层的形成 boundary-layer formation Fluid Flow 2 黏度 viscosity 牛顿黏性定律 Newton’ law of viscosity/friction 雷诺实验 Reynolds’ experiment 层流 laminar flow 湍流 turbulent flow 无量纲数群或准数 non-dimensional number 边界层 boundary layer 边界层分离 boundary-layer separation 速度脉动 velocity fluctuation 流动阻力 fluid resistance 摩擦系数 frtiction factor 量纲分析 dimensional analysis 无量纲数群 dimensionless group Fluid Flow 3 管件与阀门 fitting and valve 突然扩大局部阻力系数 expansion-loss coefficient 闸阀 gate valve 球阀 global valve 总能量损失或总阻力损失total-energy loss 试差法 error method 流量 capacity 扬程 /压头 head 泵的特性曲线characteristic curves of pump Fluid Flow 4 测速管 Pitot tube 孔板流量计 orifice meter 流量系数/孔流系数 orifice coefficient 文丘里流量计 Venturi meter 差压流量计 pressure-drop meter 转子流量计 rotameter 截面流量计 area meter Conveying Equipment for Fluid Substances 1 离心泵 centrifugal pump 正位移泵 positive-displacement pump 往复泵 reciprocating pump 齿轮泵 gear pump 旋转泵 rotary pump 鼓风机 blower 压缩机 compressor 真空泵 vacuum pump 气蚀 cavitation erosion 汽蚀余量net positive suction head (NPSH) 真空表 Suction gauge 吸入孔 suction eye 表压 gauge pressure 吸入管 suction pipe 排出管 discharge pipe Mechanical Seperations 均相混合物 homogeneous mixtures 非均相混合物 heterogeneous mixtures 筛分 screening 过滤 filtration 过滤介质 filter media 助滤剂 filter aids 饼层过滤 cake filtration Mechanical seperations 滤液 filtrate 过滤介质阻力 filter-medium resistance 恒压过滤 constant-pre