在学校推行课程改革 中期发展与前瞻.pptVIP

在學校推行課程改革 – 中期發展與前瞻 香港大學教育學院 張國華 可供借鑑的海外經驗 一些英國的近期發展: ……… 英國課程改革的背景 1967, Plowden Report 開創以兒童為中心的教育 “at the heart of the educational process lies the child” 英國課程改革的背景 1967, Plowden Report 開創以兒童為中心的教育 “at the heart of the educational process lies the child” 欠缺中央課程、校本為主 the curriculum became known as the secret garden (the term was first used by Lord Eccles, Minister of Education, in 1960) into which others - even those directly concerned with educational provision - were not expected to stray. 國家課程 保守黨政府(戴卓爾夫人 [1979-1992]、馬卓安[1992-1997]) 一九八八教育改革法案(Education Reform Act 1988) 核心科目、基礎科目 (約佔七成學習時間) 關鍵階段測試 (key stage tests) … 其他發展 Dearing Report (1997) 刪減不必要內容、 教學及測試目標相應減少 其他相應發展 地方管埋 (local management initiative) ….. 97年工党政府 加强語文和數學教學 學校和地方教育部門要訂立具体可量度的目標 What Teachers Do (Osborn et al 2000) “On one hand, teachers report that their responsibility to their pupils come first but they also feel the need to comply to the requirement.” “Teachers feel a loss of autonomy because they know they are subject to more external control but they feel they are able to exert more control over pupil experience within classroom.” What Teachers Do (Osborn et al 2000) KS1 1990/91 (%) 1992/93 (%) Classroom management skills 34.1 36.6 Cognitive-related skills 23.9 58.1 Affective-related skills 75.0 68.9 Curriculum-related skills 46.8 41.9 Assessment-related skills 1.1 2.2 Life experience 3.4 5.4 Hard work and enthusiasm 12.5 18.3 Enjoyment of teaching children 36.3 28 Teachers’ perfection of their teaching strength What Teachers Do (Osborn et al 2000) Teachers’ Strategies in Response to Change Compliance Incorporation Creative mediation Retreatism Resistance 香港可以借鑑的經驗 (1) 課程和評核:賦權(empowerment)與表現評核 (performantivity) Broadfoot (2001), 1984 英國成就記錄冊 (record of Achievement) 政府鼓勵學校使用各种文件，記錄校內學生各項成就和經驗 紀錄儘量包羅萬有 符合教育理論 關鍵問題:教師的賦權會否變成政府量度學校表現的工具? 外國經驗……… .uk/performancetables/ The provision of information: UK Example 香港會否發生上述情况? 我們可以反思的問題: 學校是否了解TSA