主动语态和被动语态.ppt

语态 语态(Voice)，作为一个语法范畴，是表示主语和动词之间的主动或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态(Active Voice)和被动语态(Passive Voice)。当主语为动作执行者即施动者时，动词用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者即受动者时，动词便用被动语态。例如： (1) John helped Peter. (2) Peter was helped by John. 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。 时态： 1. 一般现在时： 2.一般过去时： 3.一般将来时： 4.情态动词的被动语态： 典型题例例1 将下列句子改为被动语态。 We clean our classroom every day. Our classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 在改写中应注意： 1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。 知　识　拓 展 思考1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态： 10．We gave him some books. →He . →Some books . 小结 带有双宾语（宾语既有人又有物）的被动结构是: （1）将间接宾语(人)变为主语，直接宾语(物)不变。 （2）将直接宾语(物)变为主语，一般要在间接宾语前加介词to或for. 思 考 2： 12．I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning. She in the morning. 14．He makes her horse work all day. Her horse all day. 15. My father let me go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic. 小 结 ： 一些特殊结构的被动结构: （1）感觉动词(hear, see等)改被动语态 （2）使役动词(let, make等)改被动语态 小结：主动语态变被动语态口诀口诀1：宾提前变主，主变介by宾，被动be加done, 时态看主动。口诀2：如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾语后加 to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…) 口诀3：有些动词真奇怪，主动句中to 离开，被动句中to回 来。 He made me do the work. I was made to do the work by him. 口诀4：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来。 They take good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by them * 中考专题复习 被动语态 被动语态结构： ■ ■ ■ be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …) am/is/are + pp was (were) + pp will (shall) /be going to + be + pp must (can, may等) + be + pp 基 础 知 识 复 习 一般现在时的被动语态： am/are/is + 过去分词 People play football all over the world. 2. Mr. Green teaches us this term. Football all over the world . We this t