国际贸易实务 双语版 答案unit1.docVIP

Unit 1 Exercises I. Answer the following questions 1. What is international trade? What is the fundamental benefit of international trade? 2. What are the main difference between international trade and domestic trade? 3. What is tariff? What tariff barriers are set? 4. What is trade surplus? And what is trade deficit? 5. List three main international trade theories. What are their main arguments? 2. Case study Unit cost calculated in terms of labor Britain Portugal Carpet 5 7 Wine 8 10 Question: The absolute costs of both products in Britain is lower than that in Portugal, why is there still trade between these two countries? Keys: I. Answer the following questions International trade, also known as world trade, foreign trade, overseas trade, import and export trade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across international boundaries boundary [baund?ri] boundary [baund?ri] n.边界, 分界线 International trade is in principle not different from domestic trade as the motivation motivation [m??????????] n. 动机 and the behavior of trade parties involved in a trade does not differ fundamentally. motivation [m??????????] n. 动机 Tariff is duty or tax levied on a specific commodity when it crosses national boundaries. A tariff barrier is a general term that describes any government policy or regulation that restricts international trade. Common tariff barriers include tariff peaks, tariff escalation, tariff quotas, from the amount of tariff or from the price of tariff. A favorable balance of trade is known as trade surplus (ExportsImports) or, excess of export over import; an unfavorable balance of trade is known as trade deficit (ExportsImports) or, excess of import over export or, informally, a trade gap. I. the Absolute Advantage: In economics, absolute advantage refers to the ability of a particular person or a country to produce a particular good with less resource than another person or country. II. the Comparative Advantage refers to the ability of