应用化学转换法回收废酸液中的金属物质.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 1 應用化學轉換法回收廢酸液中的金屬物質 Application of Chemical Transformation to Metal Reclamation from Waste Acid Liquid 研究生：蔡旻廷 Tsai, Min-Ting 指導教授：張國慶 Chang, Kuo-Ching 【摘要】 印刷電路板製造原理乃結合電學、化學、機械、材料、光學等科學而構成。製造過程中所衍生之廢棄物種類繁多，如液狀；或為泥狀，或固狀等。伴隨印刷電路板製造業、金屬表面處理業及電鍍業在台灣的發展，重金屬廢液與廢水如未經適當處理，任意排放，將對生態環境造成極為嚴重的破壞；若此類廢棄物如未加以妥善處理(中間處理、再利用或最終處置)而任意丟棄，其影響所及甚廣，如污染飲水水源、環境破壞、人體健康受損等，亦會造成企業體及社會成本的增加，因此對此進行資源化之研究。 在本研究所試驗的酸液為硝酸系的含金屬廢酸液，包括有硝酸銅廢酸液(一次銅)及模擬二次銅廢廢酸液的金屬混和酸液，一次銅所含的金屬只有銅，而二次銅所含的金屬主要有錫及銅兩種。在模擬二次銅試驗中主要以銅、鐵、鋅、鉛四種金屬離子作混和試驗。在硫酸轉換結果顯示，金屬離子的轉換順序為鉛、鐵、鋅、銅，而影響轉換反應的因子有金屬離子的濃度、金屬離子的半徑、含水量、硫酸濃度。 在轉換結果顯示，以36 N的劉酸在硝酸金屬混合液中做轉換，以45 %及71 %濃度的硝酸金屬混和液最容易產生轉換反應，但其中又以45 %的硝酸金屬混和液較容易將金屬離子分離。 關鍵字：金屬回收、廢酸液、硝酸銅、硫酸鉛、硫酸轉換法 【Abstract】 There are two streams of waste nitric acid liquid solution from the manufacturing processes in the Printed Circuit Board (PCB) factory, one’s main metal ion composition is copper, and the other is mainly composed of copper and tin ion. The real waste acid liquid was used to study the copper reclamation from the first or primary waste stream by adding the sulfuric acid into this solution of copper nitrate. The simulated solutions were used to study the metal ion precipitation sequences, the potential metal separation, metal reclamation, and the feasibility of sulfuric acid replacement technique for the secondary waste stream. The results showed that the higher the concentration of nitrate ion was, the more easily the metal ion reacted with added sulfuric acid and generated the precipitation. The metal ions could be separated most easily in 45% nitrate solution. The metal ion precipitation sequences were lead, iron, zinc, and copper ion. The copper ion could only be reclaimed from 71% nitrate solution and copper ion concentration was high enough. Keywords: metal reclamation, waste acid liquid, copper nitrate, lead sulfate, sulfuric acid replacement.