建筑工程专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 蒋春霞 主编 赵娇 杨波 副主编Unit8电子课件.pptVIP

* * Unit8 一、本单元学习要求 二、text学习 介绍text专业背景 词汇和短语 课程内容分析 课程内容难点分析 完成课后练习 三、reading material作为课后要求 四、supplement学习 一、本单元学习要求 1、掌握关于地基与基础工程常用的英语专业词汇的表示； 2、通过课程内容分析，概括地基基础施工工程所包含的内容，并与中文专业表述进行比较，进一步理解专业英语的表述。 3、课后自行阅读reading material，能读懂并理岩土工程勘探相关的专业英语知识。 4、学习专业英语中从句的翻译方法 二、text学习—— Subsoils and Foundations 专业背景介绍 地基基础工程，是单位工程中一个分部工程，地基主要承受建筑传下来的荷载而不发生失稳、破坏和较大变形，基础则是起到承上启下的作用，将上部结构荷载通过自身传给下部地基。寻找合适的地基持力层需要前期进行岩土工程勘探后才能进行选择。 二、text学习——Subsoils and Foundations subsoil n. 下层土，底土，天然地基 settlement n. 沉陷，沉降 topography n. 地形，地势，地貌 borehole n. 钻孔 gravel n. 砾石 void n. 孔隙，孔隙率 cohesion n. 粘结力，内聚力 permeability n. 渗透，渗透性 silt n. 淤泥，残渣 cobble n. 石子，圆石块 excavation n. 挖掘 granular a. 颗粒状的 词汇和短语 saturate v. 浸渗，渗透，使充满 consolidation n. 渗压，加强 soil investigation 土质勘测 trial pits 试验坑 geological origin 地质成因 particle size 粒径 coarse(fine) -grained soils 粗（细）粒土 shear strength 抗剪强度 domestic building 民用建筑 portal frame 门式框架 课程内容分析 本篇课程主要阐述地基基础工程所涵盖的范围，主要有以下几方面： （1）Soil investigation. （2）Classification of soils. （3）Shear strength of soils. （4）Compressibility. （5）Foundation types. 课程内容难点分析 （1）Soil investigation. Soil investigation is a means of obtaining data （regarding the properties and characteristics of subsoils ）by providing samples for testing or providing a means of access for visual inspection. （2 ）Classification of soils. It has been established// that the physical properties of soils can closely associated with their particle size both of which are of importance to the foundation engineer, architect or designer. （3）Shear strength of soils. The resistance// which can be offered by a soil to the sliding of one portion over another or its shear strength is of importance to the designer (since it can be used to calculate the bearing capacity of a soil and the pressure it can exert on such members as timber in excavations). （4）Compressibility. When dealing with non-cohesive soils such as sands and gravels// the rate of compression will keep pace with the constru