情态动词的用法归纳.docVIP

. . 情态动词的用法要点 can和could 情态动词 用法 例句 can/could 表示能力 1．“I don’t think Mike can type.” “Yes, he can.” 2．I can speak fluent English now , but I couldn’t last year. 在肯定句中，表示客观可能性，并不涉及具体某事会发生，常用来说明人或事物的特征。要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不用can，需用may，might。 As a human being, anyone can make a mistake. I may stay at home this weekend.（实际可能性） Peter might come to join us.(实际可能性) 表示请求和允许。 Can we turn the air conditioner on? 否定句中表推测“不可能” 1．He can’t be at home. 表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度，主要用在否定句、疑问句和感叹句中。 Can this be an excuse for not giving them help? How can you be so crazy. 特别说明： could用来表示请求时，语气委婉，主要用于疑问句，不能用于肯定句，答语应用can（即：could不能用于现在时态的简略答语中）。如： ——Could I use your dictionary? ——Yes, you can.(否定回答可用：No, I’m afraid not.) can和be able to辨析 can(could)和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上没有区别。但can只有现在式和过去式，而be able to则有更多的形式。如： I’ve always wanted to able to speak fluent English. Those bags look really heavy, are you sure you’ll be able to carry them on your own? 但是，表示在过去某时的某一场合经过一番努力，终于做成了某事，通常不用could，而用was/were able to来表示。这时，was/were able to相当于managed to do或succeed in doing。如： After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again. The fire was very big, but most people were able to escape from the building. (3) 惯用形式“cannot …too…”表示“无论怎么……也不（过分）”。如： You cannot be too careful.你越小心越好。 惯用形式“cannot but+ 不定式（不带to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如： I cannot but admire her determination.我不得不钦佩你的决心。 二．may和 might 情态动词 用法 例句 may/might 表示允许、许可。否定回答一般用must not/mustn’t,表示“禁止、阻止”之意，但也可以用had better not (最好别)或may not（不可以），语气较为委婉。 May I come in and wait? ——May I smoke here? ——No, you mustn’t(或No, you’d better not.) 表示请求、允许时， May I borrow your pen? 表示可能性的推测，通常用在肯定句和否定句中，含有“或许”“大概”“可能”之意； It may rain this afternoon. She may not be at home. may用于祈使句表示祝愿 May you succeed. Long may he live! 愿他能持续住下去。 May you have many more days as happy as this one. May she rest in peace.愿她安息。 惯用句式： “may as well或might(just)as well+动词原形”意为“最好，满可以，倒不如”，相当于“had better或there is no reason to do anything else. There is nothing to do, so I may as