Chapter 4 International trade law Chinese Foreign Trade Law英文文献资料.pdf

Chapter 4 International trade law Chinese Foreign Trade Law Content 4.1 International Commercial/trade law 4.2 Introduction to WTO 4.3 Hot topics of International Trade Law 4.4 Chinese Foreign Trade Law Animal Testing Cosmetics Animal Testing Using animal testing in the development of cosmetics may involve testing either a finished product or the individual ingredients of a finished product on animals, often rabbits, but also mice, rats, and other animals. Cosmetic animal testing is banned in the European Union, India, Israel, and Norway. 4.1 International trade/commercial law International trade is the exchange of capital, goods, and services across international borders or territories, which could involve the activities of the government and individual. International Trade/Commercial law International Commercial Law is a body of legal rules, conventions, treaties, domestic legislation and commercial customs or usages, that governs international commercial or business transactional sale transactions between individuals and commercial organizations. For example, in considering whether to entering a foreign market, a manager must determine whether contracts entered into in that nation can be enforced, whether intellectual property such as trade secrets, trademarks, and patents can be protected, and whether taxation and the threat of expropriation present intolerable risks. Sources of International commercial law • International Treaties and Conventions (The most important sources) ◦ Treaties(条约): agreements between one or more nations. ◦ Conventions(国际公约): agreements sponsored by international organizations. • International business custom ◦ Rules that have been around for a long time or which are generally accepted. 4.2 WTO International Commercial Law is now an independent field of study as most governments has become part of the world trade, as