Introduction to Synthetic Aperture Radar英文学习资料.pdfVIP

Introduction to Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Dr. Patrick Berens Research Institute for High-Frequency Physics and Radar Techniques (FHR) Research Establishment for Applied Science (FGAN) 53343 Wachtberg GERMANY berens@fgan.de ABSTRACT The synthetic aperture radar principle has been discovered in the early 50th. Since then, a rapid development took place all over the world and a couple of air- and space-borne systems are operational today. Progress made in technology and digital signal processing lead to very flexible systems useful for military and civilian applications. Radar has proved to be valuable before, because of its day-and-night capability and the possibility to penetrate clouds and rain. Optical instruments how ever had great advantages in the interpretation of depicted objects. The great wavelength of radar signals limits the achievable resolution in cross range direction of real aperture radar systems. Thus, imaging cannot be realized using static radar systems1. The idea of SAR was to transmit pulses and store the scene echoes along a synthetic aperture (i.e. the path of the SAR sensor) and to combine the echoes afterwards by the application of an appropriate focussing algorithm. The combination is carried out coherently. As we will see, it is quit easy to understand the basic idea of SAR. We will show also the hardware concept or a SAR system and give an idea for a processing algorithm. 1.0 GENERAL FACTS ABOUT SAR Today, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) plays an important role in military ground surveillance and earth observation. Since the late