神经病学（第八版课件）-Cerebrovascular Disease.pptVIP

Cerebrovascular Disease Section 1 General consideration Cerebrovascular disease: any abnormality of the brain resulting from a pathologic process of the blood vessels. Cerebrovascular accident or stroke may be defined as a sudden interruption of blood supply or hemorrhage into apart of the brain. the third commonest cause of death Classification Ischemic transient ischemic attack (TIA) cerebral thrombosis cerebral embolism cerebral infarction lacunar infarct Hemorrhagic cerebral hemorrhage subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) Blood supply of brain 1. Internal carotid system Branchiocephalic trunk→right common carotid artery left common carotid artery →internal carotid artery → carotid foramen → Ophthalmic artery Anterior choroidal artery Posterior communicating artery Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Supply eyes and anterior 3/5 of the brain: frontal, parietal, part of temporal lobe, basal ganglia. Blood supply of brain 2. Vertebral-basilar system Subclavian artery → vertebral artery → C6-C1 transverse foramen → great occipital foramen → basilar artery posterior spinal arteries, anterior spinal artery posterior inferior cerebellar artery auditory artery posterior cerebral arteries Blood supply of brain 3. Circle of Willis Blood supply of brain This forms a unique anastomotic system at the base of the brain between the internal carotid and vertebral-basilar systems. internal carotid arteries two anterior cerebral arteries anterior communicating artery two posterior cerebral arteries two posterior communicating arteries Risk factors of CVD Age, family history, race Hypertension Heart disease Diabetes Hyperlipemia Smoking, excessive drinking Obesity, diet, contraceptive drugs Section 2 TIA A transient ischemic attack is a focal disturbance of the cerebral circulation, frequently