哈代,外国文学【郑克鲁】.pptVIP

托马斯·哈代ThomasHardy1840-1928 哈代（1840——1928） 19世纪末英国杰出的作家。 “英国小说家中的最伟大的悲剧大师”。 ——伍尔芙 作品反映了资本主义侵入英国农村后社会经济、政治、道德、风俗等方面的变化和破产农民的悲惨命运，对人类命运进行了悲剧性的探索，具有浓厚的悲剧意识。 “英国小说中的莎士比亚”。 ——韦伯 Thomas Hardy is one of the greatest literary figures of the 19th century. His literary genius is apparent in his poems and novels. Some of his best works include The Return of the Native, The Mayor of Casterbridge, Tess of the D’ Urbervilles and Jude, the Obscure. His novels had an indelible impact during his time and also till date many of his novels inspire theatre productions as well as films. His novels, which reflect the Victorian society with all its idiosyncrasies, were perceived as irreligious. Nevertheless, current scholars believe Hardy to be one of the greatest tragic novelists of English literature. 哈 代 从表现形式、创作方法、结构技巧来说，他是现实主义作家；从作品反映的思想来看，他被称为“现代派的先驱”。 “人生究竟是什么？”“我们为什么而活着？”“我们最宝贵、最珍惜、最向往的为什么不能实现？”——《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝所表现的“现代痛苦”尤为明显。 哈 代 表现人与自然的对称关系： “哈代笔下的塔布篱，鲜花盛开，在碧绿青翠的背景下，少女婀娜多姿的体态，与劳伦斯笔下（《虹》）艾利哇希山谷、布莱文农场的段落有异曲同工之妙。” 劳伦斯说：我们不应该把哈代看作一个玄学家。作为玄学家他是很蹩脚的……然而撇开他的玄学不谈，他的情感、他的直觉、他对美的理解是很伟大、很深刻的，也许比英国任何一位小说家都深刻。 哈代的生平 出生在英国西南部的多塞特郡。 1849年，进入多塞特郡学校学习。 1856年—1862年，跟一名建筑师做学徒。 1862年前往伦敦学习建筑，并从事文学、神学和近代语言的研究。接受了不可知论。获得过两项建筑奖。 1883年哈代携妻子离开伦敦，在家乡为自己设计并建造了麦克斯门宅第。一生基本在家乡度过。 Higher Bockhampton, Dorchester, Dorset Thomas and Jemima Hardy June 2, 1840 Thomas Hardy was born to Thomas and Jemima Hardy at Higher Bockhampton Dorset. Hardy’s Cottage 1848-56 Educated on different schools – The National School (Church of England) in Lower Bockhampton, the British School in Dorchester. 1856-62 Apprenticed as an architect for four years to John Hicks. 1862Started working for Arthur Blomfield in London. 1863Awarded a cash prize for architecture. Did not accept the cash prize. September 17, 1874 Married Emma Gifford. 1912 Death of Emma Hardy. February, 6, 1