国际商务双语课件ntl Bz 5 Political Economy.pptVIP

International Business Outline of Chapter Five: ☆ Boeing, Airbus, and the World Trade Organization p.177 ☆ Instruments of Trade Policy Tariffs 180 Subsidies 181 Import Quotas Voluntary Export Restraints 182 Local Content Requirement 184 Administrative Policies 184 Antidumping Policies 185 ☆ The Case for Government Intervention 185 ☆ Development of the World Trading System 192-203 I. Opening Case Boeing, Airbus, and the World Trade Organization II. Instruments of Trade Policy Free trade p.178 --- government does not attempt to restrict trade There are seven main instruments of trade policy: Tariffs Subsidies Import quotas Voluntary export restraints Local content requirements Antidumping policies Administrative policies Tariffs 1. tariffs : p.180 tax on imports 1) two categories ＊Specific tariffs: 从量税 fixed charge for each unit ＊ Ad valorem tariffs: 从价税 tax for the value 2) Who gains: ? --- government raising revenue for government --- domestic producers protecting against foreign competitors 3) Who suffers: ? --- consumers paying more for certain imports e.g.: U.S. tariff on steel in 2002 4) Effect of import tariffs: --- pro-producers and anti-consumers ----- reducing the efficiency of the world economy Key definition No. 31 p.180 关税是对进口(或出口）商品征收的一种税收。从量税是按进口商品每单位征收一个固定的税额。从价税是按进口商品一定价值比例征收的。 A tariff is a tax