高考英语复习 非谓语动词.pptVIP

非谓语动词 一. 不定式 1.不定式的形式 不定式保留了动词的一些特征，有时态和语态的变化 一般式表示动作通常与谓语动词同时发生或在其后发生 完成式表示动作先于谓语动词发生 进行式表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生 不定式的主动式表示其逻辑主语是不定式表示的动作的执行者，而被动式则是其动作的承受者  1. I hope to finish reading the booktonight. 我希望今晚看完这本书。 2. He seems to be saying something. 他似乎在说什么。 I am sorry to have given you so much trouble. 对不起，给你添了这么多麻烦。 She asked to be sent to teach in the countryside. 她要求被派到农村教学。 注意： 当不定式修饰的名词或代词和不定式构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，或不定式作表语形容词的状语，且与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。 1. You need a pair of gloves to wear. 你需要带一副手套。 2. He is a man easy to get on with. 他是一个容易相处的人。 2.不定式作宾语 不定式一般作动词的宾语，“疑问句+不定式”结构可作介词的宾语。 常跟不定式作宾语的动词有： afford, agree, choose, decide, demand, expect, fail , hope, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, want , wish等。 1.He has determined to settle down in the countryside. 2.His parents managed to send him to study abroad. 3.We are talking about how to overcome the present difficulties. 3.不定式作定语 不定式作定语通常放在被修饰词的后面。一般当中心词为序数词，最高级，the last，the only等或中心词被这类词修饰时多用不定式作定语。作定语的不定式若是不及物动词，还需要带有与之搭配的相应介词。 1.I should take something to read on the plane. 2.At last he had a chance to go abroad. 3.She was the only one to survive the air crash. 4.I am looking for a room to live in. 4.不定式作状语 不定式作状语主要表示原因、结果、目的等。作目的的状语时可位于句首或句末，作原因和结果状语多位于句末。 1.She burst into laughter to see his funny action. 2.He woke up to find everybody gone. 3.To explain more clearly, I will show you the pictures. 注意： so as to 作目的状语不可以位于句首，to 和in order to 可以。 He shouted and waved so as to be noticed. 5.不定式作宾语补足语 作宾语补足语时，一些动词后跟带to的不定式，一些动词后跟不带to的不定式。后跟带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有advise , allow , permit , tell , persuade , expect , forbid , ask , want , force , wish 等。跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词多是感官动词或使役动词，有see , hear , notice , smell , feel , make , let , have 等。 1.Our English teacher advised us to pay enough attention to our spoken English. 2.Who can persuade him to give up that foolish idea? 3.Someone saw a stranger walk into his r