英文版IE知识培训.ppt

2002/9/26 SMT Training for Productivity Industrial Engineering : Work Design Prepared by Ken Leung Work Design Methods Improvement Ergonomics Assembly line balancing Principles of motion economy Various type of charts Work measurement Time study Activity sampling Ergonomics Definition Apply information about human behavior, abilities, limitations, and other characteristics to the design of tools, machines, system, tasks, jobs, and environments for productive, safe, comfortable, and effective human use. Objectives To enhance the work effectiveness and efficiency. Increased convenience of use Reduced errors Increased productivity To enhance human values. Improved safety Reduced fatigue and stress Increased comfort Greater user acceptance Increased job satisfaction Improved quality of life Twelve Principles of Ergonomics 1. Work in neutral postures eg. Wrist rests for keyboard and mouse. 2. Reduce excessive forces eg. Boxes with handholds for carrying. Ergonomics Principles 3. Keep everything in easy reach eg. Keep materials within the “reach envelope” of the arm. Ergonomics Principles 4. Work at proper heights eg. Heavy work should be performed lower than elbow height; precision work should be higher. Ergonomics Principles 5. Reduce excessive motions eg. Use power screwdriver. 6. Minimize static load eg. Use a pencil grip. Ergonomics Principles 7. Minimize pressure points eg. Provide padding for hand grips. 8. Provide clearance eg. Provide visual access (carton delivery). Ergonomics Principles 9. Move, exercise, and stretch eg. Change adjustments of the chair for those sit for a long time. 10. Maintain a comfortable environment eg. Consider the quantity and quality of light at the workstation. Ergonomics Principles 11. Make displays and controls understandable eg. Clicking is easier than memorizing commands. 12. Reduce stress eg. Design task to fit people. Anthropometry Definition Measurement of the h