初中被动语态语法讲解_课堂教（学）案.docVIP

. . word完美格式 初中被动语态语法讲解 (一)?语?态?分?类 英语动词有两种语态.，主动语态和被动语态。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如： ??They will build a new bridge over the river. ( ) A new bridge will be built over the river. ( ) 英语用：助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。 (二)?被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 ????????主要体现在be的变化上，动词的过去分词不变。 列表如下： 一般现在时： + done 一般过去时： + done 一般将来时： + done 过去将来时： + done 现在进行时：am / is / are + being + done 过去进行时：was / were + being + done 现在完成时： + done 过去完成时：had + been + done 将来完成时：shall /??will + have been + done 过去将来完成时：should / would + have been + done?? ［注］被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。 (三)常见的八种时态中的被动语态 1. 一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. Rice? ?in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. We? enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. 2. 一般过去时： (1)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. His lessons? 3. 一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. Cars? . (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. Plenty of jobs? . 4.现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me?the sports meeting might be put off. I? ?the sports meeting?might be put off. (2)He has brought his book here. His book? here. (四）?含有情态动词的被动语态： ?????含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+ be+?及物动词的过去分词”构成。 ??(1)You?must hand in?your compositions after class. Your compositions? ?after class. (2)He?can write?a great many letters with the computer. A great many letters? him. (五)?被?动?语?态?的?使?用 1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用by?短语。 ??“Mr. White, the cup （break） after class. ” 2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by?短语。 ??These records were made by John Denver. The cup was broken by Paul. 3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用in +?名词作状语，而代替 by?短语。 ??These cars were made in China. be made of、be ma