高一英语《定语从句》.ppt

(三) 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常由in which或that引导，而且通常可以省略。 The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. I don’t like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her. （四）关系代词与关系副词的选择 用关系代词还是关系副词引导定语从句主要看关系词在定语从句中的作用（即所担当的成分）. A. I know a place where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. Compare : B. I will never forget the days when we spent our holidays together. I will never forget the days that / which we spent together. C. This is the reason why he was dismissed. This is the reason that / which he explained to me for his not attending the meeting. （五）but 有时也用作关系词引导定语从句。 There are very few but admire his talents.　 （but = who don’t） （六）定语从句与同位语从句的区别 1．定语从句修饰限定先行词，它与先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，它与先行词是同位关系。 The plane that has just taken off is for Paris. The fact that he has already died is quite clear. 2．定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导，关系词在从句中担当相应的句子成分，关系代词在从句中作宾语时经常可省略。 同位语从句主要由连词that 引导，在从句中一般不担当成分；有时也由where, when, how, who, whether, what等连词引导，这些连词则在从句中担当成分。 October 1, 1949 was the day when the People’s Republic of China was founded. Do you remember the years when he lived in the countryside with his grandparents. 2. where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 Shanghai is the city where I was born. I visited the farm where a lot of cows were raised . The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. Is this the place where they fought the enemy? 3.why 指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. The reason why he was punished is unknown to us. I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。 From the years when / in which he was going to primary school in the country he had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. （五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 A.限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 B.非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语“．．．的” 通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上 A．作宾语时可省略 B．不可省略 A．可用that B．不用that A．可用who 代替 whom