相互作用玻色子模型理论框架下原子核系统的形状相变.ppt

5、临界点对称性 以前，当核系统处于临界点（或发生相变）时，很难处理，其主要原因是由于不同自由度的混合和竞争。最近，Iachello提出临界点对称性，即E(5)和X（5）等对称来描述核系统处于临界点的行为。 Casten 和扩展Casten三角形（Casten et al, J. Phys.G,34(2007) X(5)典型能谱结构和B(E2)相对值 E(5)典型能谱结构和B(E2)相对值 6、临界点核 目前，这方面的工作已经做了很多。 X(5)核 152Sm,104,106Mo，122Ba,162Yb, 154Gd, 150Nd,170W,176Os,166Hf和 156Dy. a) X(5)核 Fig.6. Level scheme of the X(5) symmetry (right) as compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 9. Fig.10. Level scheme of the X(5) symmetry (right) as compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 10. Fig.11. Level scheme of the X(5) symmetry (right) as compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 11. Fig.12. Level scheme of the X(5) symmetry (right) as compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 12. Fig.13. Comparison of the RL values of the ground state bands in X(5) predictions with the IBM calculations with N = 9, 10, 11, and 12. Fig.14. Comparison of the B(E2) values of the ground state bands in X(5) predictions with the IBM calculations with N = 9, 10, 11, and 12. Fig.16. The experimental B(E2;L+ ? (L–2)+)/B(E2;2+– 0+) values of the ground state bands of 150Nd as ompared to the E(5) and IBM calculations. . Fig.17. The experimental B(E2;L+ ? (L–2)+)/B(E2;2+– 0+) values of the ground state bands of 152Sm and 104Mo, as compared to the E(5) and IBM calculations. Fig.18. The experimental B(E2;L+ ? (L–2)+)/B(E2;2+– 0+) values of the ground state bands of 154Gd, 166Hf and170W, as compared to the E(5) and IBM calculations. J. Jolie et al. E(5)核 134Ba,102Pd,106Cd,108Cd, 114Cd, 130Xe, 104Ru, 108Pd 和 128Xe等 Fig. 19 Level scheme of E(5) symmetry (right) compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 5. Fig. 20 Level scheme of E(5) symmetry (right) compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 6. Fig. 21 Level scheme of E(5) symmetry (right) compared with the IBM calculations (left) for N = 8. Fig. 22 Level scheme of E(5) symmetry (right) compared withthe IBM calculations (left) for N = 9. Fig. 23 Comparison of key obser