BYK涂料助剂简介.ppt

* Directly after the formation, the gas bubbles rise through the liquid to reach the surface. According to stokes Law, the rising velocity is dependent upon the radius (r) of the bubbles and upon the viscosity (h)of the liquid. This means that small bubbles rise very slowly and so it is very difficult to defoam an ink which contains micro-foam. Also the viscosity of the ink plays an important role. Since the velocity is inverse proportional to the viscosity, an increase in viscosity will make it more difficult to defoam. This factor plays a major role in the defoaming of screen inks, but also in water based liquid inks, since these are printed at higher viscosity compared to solvent based systems. * In order for foam bubbles to be capable of forming, then foam stabilizing substances must be present in the liquid phase. In general, such substances are interfacially active products, which are characterized by the presence of hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. Because of the above structural elements, such substances orientate themselves toward the liquid/gas interface, reduce the interfacial tension, and accordingly produce the necessary prerequisites for stable foam. Every ink formulation as well solvent as water based contain a multitude of such foam stabilizing substances of varying origin and chemical structure. As a result every ink formulation is capable of stabilizing foam. The foam stabilizing mechanism showed here is the so called steric stabilization. In case the hydrophilic groups have a high molecular weight, the drainage effect stops, because the groups are not able to penetrate each other. * Normally the drainage effect would go on upto a point where the foam bubble burst. One important opposing factor occurs as a result of the chemical structure of some of the surfactants used in water based inks and over print varnishes, in case the hydrophilic groups are ionically constructed. The two surfactant-laden interfaces of a foam lamella come closer to ano