慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的护理与健康指导.doc

PAGE １１ 长沙民政职业技术学院 毕业实践报告 题目：慢性阻塞性肺疾病护理与健康指导 毕业论文 毕业设计 毕业专题 √ 类型： 指导老师：长沙民政职业技术学院 周俊 岳阳广济医院 严格 分 院：医学院 班 级：护理0932班 护理0933班 学 号：0926053224 0926053234 0926053342 0926053338 姓 名：邹艳红 李勇 郭超钰 李敏_________ 2012年 4 月 25 日 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的护理与健康指导 护理0932班 邹艳红 李勇 护理0933班 郭超钰 李敏 ? 学号: 0926053224 0926053234 0926053342 0926053338 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的护理与健康指导 【摘要】 目的：通过对慢性阻塞性肺疾病病人正确有效的护理与健康指导，使其解除恐惧的心理，延缓病程的发展，改善肺功能，提高其生活质量；方法：鼓励患者有效地咳痰，必要时给予吸痰、湿化和雾化呼吸道，保持气管黏膜不因干燥而受损，均给予有效抗感染、氧疗、预防和控制心力衰竭、纠正酸碱平衡失调及电解质紊乱、控制心律失常等治疗及进行有针对性的细致周到的护理，生活要规律和注意个人卫生防护，提高机体免疫力，对患者进行心理护理、营养护理、饮食护理、帮助有效戒烟、长期氧疗、呼吸道护理、呼吸训练等。结论：对COPD患者实施整体护理及呼吸训练可有效提高患者的生活质量，有效地咳痰、吸痰等排痰护理和健康指导对慢阻肺患者极为重要，同时不应忽视针对性的心理护理。 【关键词】 慢性阻塞性肺气肿 肺部感染 护理 健康指导 目录 ：资料与方法 ······································5 1.1一般资料 ·······················································5 1.2 方法 ··························································5 1.3 结果 ··························································5 第二章:治疗原则 ··········································5 2.1稳定期（缓解期）治疗 ··········································5 2.2急性加重期（急性发作期）治疗 ···································6 第三章：临床护理 ········································6 3.1　心理护理 ····················································6 3.2 一般护理 ····················································6 3.2.1室内空气湿化 ··················································6 3.2.2 3.3 指导有效排痰 ··················································7 3.3.1 指导病人进行有效咳痰 3.3.2 超声雾化吸入　 2.3.3 氧疗　 3.4　物理疗法 ······················································7 3.4.1　胸部叩击 3.4.2　 第四章：健康指导 ········································8 4.1　疾病知识指导 ··················································8 4.2　坚持康复锻炼····················································8 4.3 加强营养 ·····················································