need,must用法及练习.docVIP

need用法 一．用作实义动词1．need sth.这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如：1). The soup needs salt.2). They don’t need afraid any more. 3). Does he need any help? 2．need doing 与 need to be done通常物做主语，need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点：①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：4). The door needs painting. ?? = The door needs to be painted. 5). Your car needs repairing.?? = Your car needs to be repaired. 3．need to do sth.作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如：6). What do we need to take for the party? 7). Will we need to show our ID card? 8). I need to take good care of my sister. 二．用作情态动词 ①．没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化；②．不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。③．变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。 9)．You neednt do it again．10)．He neednt worry about it． ④．变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。例如：11). Need I type this letter again? 12）—Need I stay here any longer? —No, you needn’t. —Yes, you must. 三．用作名词need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需） 与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如：13). There’s no need for you to try again. 14). The factory is in great need of funds. “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。 I neednt have bought so much wine—only five people came. He need have hurried to the station. In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train. you need not have said that “should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him. 3 you should have told me “must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. must的用法 1.must 表示“必须”、“应该”。例如： ①We must protect our environment. ②Everyone must obey the rule. 2. must的否定形式must not表示“不应该”、“禁止”、“不准”。语气比较强烈。例如： ①You mustn’t speak like that. ②You mustn’t be late for school. 3.在回答must的问句时，肯定形式用must来回答，但否定形式