数据挖掘教学文案.ppt

数据挖掘;主要内容;1.1 背景;1.1 背景;1.1 背景;Data Mining... Finding patterns in data Describing the patterns - one way is by rules Predicting from the rules - classification - forecasting ;1.2 数据挖掘定义;1.2 数据挖掘定义;Data mining context;What sort of data? Consider here only textual type data characters or numbers Data that has been structured in some way Data can also be be visual, aural or tactile Pattern recognition in other data visual analysis of data – later;Data sets;Data sets;Data structured into three parts Relations have Attributes which have Instances Example;Each cup of coffee has attribute-values (records) Instances can be numerical or nominal Data preparation, filtering and discretization can be considerable – as much an art as science ;Example;Coffee?;What do we want to do?;What will data mining try to do?;How does it work?;Data mining mixture of mathematics, logic, statistics, artificial intelligence For example - algorithm for simple classification rules...;Multivariate data;Multivariate data;Multivariate data;Example;Example;Example;Example;Value of data mining;Somerfield Stores;main points so far;数据挖掘的演化;数据挖掘与其他科学的关系;数据挖掘与其他科学的关系;数据挖掘与统计学的关系;数据挖掘与传统数据分析方法区别; 在缺乏强有力的数据分析工具而不能分析这些资源的情况下，历史数据库也就变成了“数据坟墓”－里面的数据几乎不再被访问。也就是说，极有价值的信息被“淹没”在海量数据堆中，领导者决策时还只能凭自己的经验和直觉。因此改进原有的数据分析方法，使之能够智能地处理海量数据，即演化为数据挖掘。 ;国外数据挖掘的现状;国外数据挖掘的现状;1989 IJCAI Workshop on Knowledge Discovery in Databases (Piatetsky-Shapiro) Knowledge Discovery in Databases (G. Piatetsky-Shapiro and W. Frawley, 1991) 1991-1994 Workshops on Knowledge Discovery in Databases Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (U. Fayyad, G. Piatetsky-Shapiro, P. Smyth, and R. Uthurusamy, 1996) 1995-1998 International Conferences on Knowledge Discovery in Databases and Data Mining (KDD’95-98) Journal of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery (1997) 1998 ACM SIGKDD, SIGKDD’1999-2001 conferences, and SIGKDD Explorations More conferences on data mining PAKDD, PKDD, SIAM-Data Mining, (IEEE) ICDM, etc.;国内数据挖掘研究现状;数据挖掘的发