生物工程专业英语句子翻译.docVIP

Once a suitable organism is found, conventional breeding and mutagenesis methods are used where possible to induce genetic changes that may produce even more of the desired product. 一旦筛选到了合适的生物体，就尽可能地应用传统育种及诱变方法来使生物体发生遗传变化，从而产生更多的目标产物。 Thus, totally new capabilities can be engineered and microorganisms in particular and plant and animal cells to a lesser extent may be made to produce substances beyond their naturally endowed genetic capabilities 通过这种方法就可以设计出全新的性能，并且,可以主要应用微生物和相对较少的动植物细胞来生产某些物质，它们的性质是那些本来正常遗传所不具备的。 Thus, resistance to viral infection and increased genetic stability may be incorporated into organisms that lack them, the formation of harmful by-products can be reduced or eliminated and objectionable odours, colours or slime products can be removed 这样，对那些遗传稳定性不高，易遭受病毒感染的生物体来说，就可以提高抵抗力和稳定性，同时，有害副产品的形成也可以减少或消除，并且，那些具有令人讨厌的颜色、气味或粘质的产品也可以除掉。 A successful industrial culture should ultimately exhibit most or all of the following characteristics: it should be a pure culture; be genetically stable; be easily propagated; exhibit rapid growth characteristics; have good rate of product formation; be free of toxic byproducts; and be amenable to genetic manipulation. 成功的工业培养生物（菌种）应该基本具备以下全部或大部分性质：它应该是纯品，能稳定遗传，容易繁殖，生长迅速，产率高，不含有毒副产品，并且能受遗传的控制。 Cultures that are used industrially generally have arisen in three stages: (1)as a research culture---studied to seek a useful produce;(2)as a development culture----a research culture which has gained a measure of importance; and(3)as a production culture----a research culture that is now actually used for industrial production. 工业用菌种通常要经过三个阶段才能正式投入使用，即（1）研究型—用它进行研究来寻求有用的产品；（2）开发型—得到了一定重视的研究型；（3）生产型—实际投入工业生产的研究型。 The final culture may be the same as the original research culture but more often it will have been subjected to an array of treatments to maximize productivity. 最终培养物有可能与最初的培养物是一样的，但大多数都是经受过一系列的处理来使得产量最大化。 The development of the industrial organism from a wild type will have required changes in its genetic informatio