小角中子散射Neutron scattering.pptx

Neutron Scattering;Accessible Size Regimes;;Interaction of Radiation with Matter;Interaction of Radiation with Matter;Atomic Scattering factors / length;Comparison Neutron- and X-ray-scattering length some relevant elements [10-12 cm];;Contrast Variation;The Concept of Contrast Variation;X-Ray Scattering;The Concept of Contrast Variation;Neutron Scattering Length of biological relevant elements [10-12 cm];Spin Contrast Variation;In situ Structures of 14 Proteins;Yusupov et al.: Science 292 (2001) 883-896;Neutron Diffraction: Whale Myoglobin;Advantages: H/D more readily visualized than with X-rays (especially 1.5 ? resolution) Able to distinguish between H/D isotopes (solvent exchange) (group accessibility, mobility, exchange dynamics) Strong contrasts are possible (H20/D2O) Non-destructive probe – no radiation damage!;The BIX-3 diffractometer, equipped with an NIP, is dedicated to protein crystallography using a monochromatized neutron beam source (installed at the JAERI).;A Laue diffraction pattern collected at LADI;When a high-energy proton bombards a heavy atomic nucleus, causing it to become excited, 20 to 30 neutrons are expelled. ;Diffraction patterns are 3D: (x,y,λ) Reduced reflection overlap. Reduced background Enhanced signal-to-noise;Mutant Rubredoxin from Pyrococcus furiosus @ 1.6 ?;Concanavalin A @ 2.5 ?;Endothiapepsin: The Aspartic proteinase mechanism;Detergent organization in crystals of OMPLA @ 12 ?;Detergent organization in crystals of OMPLA @ 12 ?