温尼科特-反移情中的恨.docxVIP

温尼科特：反移情中的恨 Hate in the Countertransference [1947] ? IN THIS PAPER I wish to examine one aspect of the whole subject of ambivalence, namely, hate in the countertransference. I believe that the task of the analyst (call him a research analyst) who undertakes the analysis of a psychotic is seriously weighted by this phenomenon, and that analysis of psychotics becomes impossible unless the analysts own hate is extremely well sorted-out and conscious. This is tantamount to saying that an analyst needs to be himself analysed, but it also asserts that the analysis of a psychotic is irksome as compared with that of a neurotic, and inherently so. 在这篇文章里，我希望考查关于矛盾情感这整个主题的其中一个方面，即：反移情①(Countertransference)中的恨。我相信，这一现象加重了从事精神病人分析工作的分析师（称他为研究分析师）的任务，并且除非这些分析师意识到自己的恨是被处理得非常好，否则他的分析工作是不可能进行的。这相当于说，分析师自己需要被分析，但同时也宣称了，相比于神经症，精神病人天然地令人生厌。 ? Apart from psycho-analytic treatment, the management of a psychotic is bound to be irksome. From time to time I have made acutely critical remarks about the modern trends in psychiatry, with the too easy electric shocks and the too drastic leucotomies. (Winnicott, 1947, 1949.) Because of these criticisms that I have expressed I would like to be foremost in recognition of the extreme difficulty inherent in the task of the psychiatrist, and of the mental nurse in particular. Insane patients must always be a heavy emotional burden on those who care for them. One can forgive those engaged in this work if they do awful things. This does not mean, however, that we have to accept whatever is done by psychiatrists and neuro-surgeons as sound according to principles of science. 除去精神分析治疗外，对精神病人的管理②(management)也注定是令人生厌的。关于现代精神病学过于容易（使用）的电休克治疗和过于极端的前额脑白质切除手术的发展趋势，我也时常会有尖锐的批评。(温尼科特，1947，1949)因为这些批评，我更愿意最先承认精神病医师，特别是精神科护士的工作属性本来就是极端的艰难的。疯癫的病人总是给那些照顾他们的人带来沉重的情感负担。我们（甚至）可以原谅那些致力于此工作的人（可能）做出的（任何）可怕的事情。但这并不意味着我们必须接受精神病专家和神经外科医生所有听起来像是有科学依据的所作所为。 ? ? ? ①????? 译者注：依照弗洛伊德的德文原意，transference应译为转移, 同理countertransference应译为反转移。这里译作反移情仅仅是为了方便国内读者理解，遵从国内心理学界的普（cuo）遍（wu）译法。