材料物理双语课件(15)-Chapter-9-1-Wave-theory-of-atom.pptVIP

微粒说(corpuscular theory of light):In 1672 , Newton 波动说(undulatory theory of light):哥里马第(Grimadi) in Italy is the first man who supported the undulatory theory ;In 1687, 惠更斯(Huygens) further developed the theory In 1905, A.Einstein presented the theory of photons, which shows that the light has both the undulatory property and the corpuscular property. That is the wave-particle duality of light. Quantum Mechanics I、The wave-particle duality theory of light 1. The wave-particle duality of light Mass–energy equivalence ( In Relativity ) Peoples originally thought that there were two types in natural matter: matters and fields. All kinds of matters are composed of particles such as atoms and electrons and the light is one of the fields. In 1923，Victorde　Broglie (德布罗意) present the hypothesis that the particles in objects has the undulatory property. To prove it, in 1923 he considered the experiment of the electron diffraction and in 1924 he gave the consideration of the electron diffraction experiment in crystal. In 1927， Davisson (戴维孙) –germer(革末) - experiment proved that electrons has the undulatory property ,later， George Paget Thomson (G.P.汤姆孙) and Davisson accomplished the electron diffraction experiment in crystal. Then the atoms ,molecular and neutron were one after the other proved to have the wave property, and the Louis　Victorde　Broglie’s hypothesis was demonstrated . 2. The wave-particle duality of matter Based the duality of light，in 1926, Erwin Schrodinger(薛定谔)from Austria，Werner Karl Heisenberg(海森伯)and Max Born(马克斯·玻恩) from German built the quantum mechanics that is theory to help peoples understand the atom structures roundly. Louis de Broglie presented his thesis concerning the wave-particle, proposing the idea that all matter displayed the wave-particle duality of photons II、 Victorde　Broglie hypothesis 1、If a particle has the mass of m and moves with the velocity of v ，the particle has the energy and Momentum H