英语语法：虚拟语气.pptVIP

如果你用功的话，你上学期考试就不会不及格了。 2.如果明天下雨，会议就推迟。 3. 如果他早点出发，他现在已到家了。 If you had studied harder, you would not have failed in the exam last term. If it were to / should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. Homework : If he had set out earlier, he would be home now. The Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 Revision : 形式情况 条 件 从 句 主 句 与过去事实相反 与现在事实相反 与将来事实相反 过去式(be用 were) would(should, could,might)+动词原形 had+动词过去分词 would(should, could,might)+ have +动词过去分词 过去式/should +动词原形/ were to+动词原形 would (should, could, might) +动词原形 （1）在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。 1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式（be动词一般用were）。 2）表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”或 “would, could, might +have done” 。 （2） 在主语＋would rather ＋that 宾语从句中，从句谓语用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示与过去事实相反 。 2、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 （3） 在表示提议、要求、命令、决定等动词如suggest, decide, require, request, demand, propose, insist, order等）后的宾语从句中谓语动词常用“should+动词原形”。Should常被省略。 一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order, command）,三个建议（ suggest, advise, propose）,四个要求（ ask,demand request, require） He is not a pilot, but he wishes he ______ (be). I wish I ___________(meet)him yesterday. I wish it __________(be) fine tomorrow. He ordered the work _________________ (start) at once. 5. I’d rather you _________(stay) at home all day today. were had met would be ( should ) be started stayed Revision : 例1 、If I were you, I to the cinema with her.(96) A. went B. have been C. had been D. would go 【分析】 通过if从句中谓语动词“I were”可判断出，该句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。主句用“would+动词原形”。故选答案D。 D、试题详解 例2 The doctor proposed that my brother his right hand.(97) avoid to use B. should avoid to use C. avoid using D. avoided using 【分析】 该题有两个考点，一是propose后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气动词形式，二是avoid一词后要用动名词作宾语。故选C。 例3 Had you not helped me with my English, I to pass the final examination. A. might fail B. might have failed C. shall fail D. would fail 【分析】 当if从句中有were, should和had等词时，可以省略if， 同时把were, should, had放到主语前面形式倒装。从句中的had…not he