高一英语译林版必修5教学案：Unit 1 Section 4 含解析.docVIP

动词不定式和动名词 [语法初识] 原句感知 自主探究 ①To live in China is Mr. Smiths dream. Smoking is not allowed here. ②Its very difficult to drive in the mountains. It is no use crying over spilt milk. ③His job is to teach English. My job is taking care of the garden. ④I didnt expect to see you here. Im sorry I missed seeing you while I was in Beijing. ⑤She was the first girl to come to the party. He is reading in a reading room. ⑥Please allow me to stay for a while. ⑦I got up early to catch the 6：30 train. (1)①组中的动词不定式和动名词作主语；②组中动词不定式和动名词后置，用it作形式主语。 (2)③组中的动词不定式和动名词作表语。 (3)④组中的动词不定式和动名词作宾语。 (4)⑤组中的动词不定式和动名词作定语。 (5)⑥句中动词不定式作宾语补足语；⑦句中动词不定式作状语。 [语法剖析] 语法点一 动词不定式 　　动词不定式是一种非谓语动词，由“to＋动词原形”构成，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，在句中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式前面加not或never。 (一)动词不定式的时态和语态 动词不定式有一般式、进行式、完成式和完成进行式四种变化形式，一般式和完成式有被动语态。 时态形式 用法 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生或在其后发生 to do to be done 进行式 通常表示动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生 to be doing / 完成式 通常表示动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have done to have been done 完成进行式　 表示动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生，而且一直进行着 to have been doing / He promised to give me a helping hand.(give在promised之后发生) You seem to know everything about the subject.(know和seem同时发生) He pretended to be sleeping when I went in. (sleep在pretended发生的时候，正在进行) You are supposed to have finished half of the work. (finish在are supposed之前发生) In order not to be seen, he hid himself behind the tree.(he是see的承受者) He eagerly wanted to be praised.(he是praise的承受者) The book to be published soon is very interesting. (the book是publish的承受者) eq \a\vs4\al(\x([即时演练1])) 单句语法填空 ①Dont wait for him. He is said to have_gone (go) to Shanghai. ②You are supposed to be_sleeping (sleep) now. Why are you still in the office? ③The result seems to come (come) out in a moment. Please be patient. ④In order to be_chosen (choose) in the first round, the girl made careful preparations for the singing competition. ⑤His novel is said to have_been_translated (translate) into several foreign languages and sell very well across the world. (二)动词不定式的句法功能 1．不定式作主语 To be here with all of